Penalties
regulation 25(1) of The Import and Export Restrictions (Foot-and-Mouth Disease) (Wales) (No. 2) Regulations 2002
- Status not determined
- Strict liability
- Dogs, animals, hunting and wildlife
This offence was read from the text as made, and no revised version was available, so a later revocation could not be ruled out. Check the current text at legislation.gov.uk.
What the provision says
1 A person contravening any provision of these Regulations shall be guilty of an offence.
Text as made, from legislation.gov.uk. © Crown copyright, reused under the Open Government Licence v3.0. This is the text as originally made; later amendments are not shown here.
Who it binds, and what has to be proved
- Binds
- a person
- Conduct
- breaching the provision
- Fault element
- Strict liability
- Burden of proof
- No statutory defence — prosecution proves everything
The prosecution must prove that the conduct happened. This is a strict liability offence as drafted: the provision uses no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence, so there is no need to show that a person meant to do it, knew about it, or was careless.
Intention, knowledge and carelessness are irrelevant to guilt. They may still matter a great deal to sentence.
The provision states no defence, so the prosecution bears the burden on every element of the offence.
Classifier’s reasoning: no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence in the offence or its provision.
What would breach regulation 25(1)?
These are illustrations, not law. They are generated from the provision’s own words to show the shape of the offence. Whether any particular conduct is caught depends on the full text, on any amendment since, and on the facts.
- Doing what the provision prohibits, or failing to do what it requires under the Import and Export Restrictions (Foot-and-Mouth Disease) (Wales) (No. 2) Regulations 2002.
Penalty
- Mode of trial
- Not determined
- Maximum fine
- Not determined
- Maximum prison (summary)
- Not determined
no penalty is stated in this instrument; it may be in the enabling Act, or in a general penalties provision this pass did not connect to the offence.
No penalty was determined from this instrument. It may be in the enabling Act, or in a general penalties provision this pass did not connect to the offence. Absence of a figure here is not evidence that the offence carries no penalty.
Sentencing
Offences of this kind are usually sentenced under the guidelines below. This is a mapping by subject, not a finding about this provision, and the links go to a search of the Sentencing Council’s own site.
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Animal cruelty: definitive guideline
Magistrates' courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 July 2017
Covers cruelty to and neglect of animals, and the associated disqualification and deprivation orders.
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Reduction in sentence for a guilty plea: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 June 2017
The sliding scale of credit for pleading guilty, from one third at the first stage of proceedings downwards.
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General guideline: overarching principles
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2019
The guideline a court uses when there is no offence-specific guideline, which is the position for the overwhelming majority of offences created by statutory instrument. It sets out how culpability and harm are assessed from first principles.
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Totality: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales
How to sentence more than one offence at once so that the total is just and proportionate - frequently in point here, because regulatory prosecutions commonly charge several breaches of the same instrument.
Prosecution figures
No published per-offence figure was found for this provision, and it could not be matched to a Ministry of Justice offence code. Offences created by statutory instrument very largely do not have one. Absence of a figure is not evidence that the offence is unused.
Status and lifecycle
- Current status
- Status not determined
- Made
- 25 January 2002
- In force from
- 26 January 2002
- Extent
- Not stated
How this was established: read from the text as made; no revised version available, so later revocation could not be ruled out.
What the instrument is for
(This note is not part of the Regulations) — the explanatory note published with the instrument, © Crown copyright.
These Regulations, which apply to Wales, implement Commission Decision 2002/48/EC of 23rd January 2002 (amending for the seventh time Decision 2001/740/EC concerning certain protection measures with regard to foot-and-mouth disease in the United Kingdom (OJ No. L21, 24.1.2002, p. 29)). They revoke and replace the Import and Export Restrictions (Foot-and-Mouth Disease) (Wales) Regulations 2002 (S. I. 2002/8 (W.1)) and the Import and Export Restrictions (Foot-and-Mouth Disease) (Wales) (Amendment) Regulations 2002 (S. I. 2002/85 (W.9)). They regulate— the importation of live animals (regulation 4 and Schedules 1, 2 and 3) the dispatch of live animals (regulation 5) the dispatch of fresh meat (including minced meat and meat preparations) from bovine, ovine, caprine and porcine animals, and provide that meat from porcine animals can be exported subject to conditions (regulation 6 and Schedule 2) the dispatch of meat products, milk, and milk products (regulations 7, 8 and 9) the dispatch of semen, ova or embryos of animals of the bovine, ovine, caprine and porcine species and other biungulates (regulation 10), hides and skins (regulation 11) and various animal products (regulation 12). They create an offence of offering to export anything which it is prohibited to dispatch or export under the Regulations (regulation 16). They provide powers for enforcement, and powers for officers of HM Customs and Excise (regulations 17, 18 and 19) and create an offence of obstruction (regulation 22). Breach of the Regulations is an offence. In the case of obstruction, the maximum penalty on summary conviction is a fine not exceeding level 5 on the standard scale or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding three months or to both. A person guilty of any other offence under these Regulations is liable— a on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding the statutory maximum or to imprisonment not exceeding three months or to both; b on conviction on indictment, to a fine or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or to both. The Regulations are enforced by the Secretary of State or the local authority (regulation 27). A regulatory appraisal has not been prepared for these Regulations. These Regulations apply until midnight on 31st March 2002.
Read the full note and every offence in this instrument
How this was identified as an offence
Everything above rests on the judgement that this provision creates a criminal offence, rather than mentioning one. That judgement is made by rule, from the words of the provision, and this is the rule that made it — with a confidence of 0.92.
- Basis
- the provision says a person is “guilty of an offence”
- Confidence
- 0.92 of 1.00
A provision that states a penalty for an offence created elsewhere can read very like one that creates an offence, and the rules can mistake the one for the other. If the text quoted above sets a penalty for something made an offence by another provision, treat the classification on this page with that in mind, and read the instrument.
Check the source
- This provision on legislation.gov.uk The authoritative text. Check it before relying on anything here.
- The Import and Export Restrictions (Foot-and-Mouth Disease) (Wales) (No. 2) Regulations 2002 Every offence this instrument creates, and its explanatory note
- Dogs, animals, hunting and wildlifeOther offences on the same subject
- Offences created in 2002