Stopping of an engine when vehicle stationary
regulation 12(2) of The Road Traffic (Vehicle Emissions) (Fixed Penalty) (Scotland) Regulations 2003
- Status not determined
- Strict liability
- Summary only
- Road traffic and vehicles
This offence was read from the text as made, and no revised version was available, so a later revocation could not be ruled out. Check the current text at legislation.gov.uk.
What the provision says
2 A person who fails to comply with
a requirement under paragraph (1) shall be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to
a fine not exceeding level
3 on the standard scale.
Text as made, from legislation.gov.uk. © Crown copyright, reused under the Open Government Licence v3.0. This is the text as originally made; later amendments are not shown here.
Who it binds, and what has to be proved
- Binds
- a person
- Conduct
- failing to comply with a notice or direction
- Fault element
- Strict liability
- Burden of proof
- No statutory defence — prosecution proves everything
The prosecution must prove that the conduct happened. This is a strict liability offence as drafted: the provision uses no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence, so there is no need to show that a person meant to do it, knew about it, or was careless.
Intention, knowledge and carelessness are irrelevant to guilt. They may still matter a great deal to sentence.
The provision states no defence, so the prosecution bears the burden on every element of the offence.
Classifier’s reasoning: no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence in the offence or its provision.
What would breach regulation 12(2)?
These are illustrations, not law. They are generated from the provision’s own words to show the shape of the offence. Whether any particular conduct is caught depends on the full text, on any amendment since, and on the facts.
- On these words an offence is committed where a person fails to comply with a requirement under paragraph (1).
- Being served with a notice under the Road Traffic (Vehicle Emissions) (Fixed Penalty) (Scotland) Regulations 2003 and doing nothing by the date it specifies.
- Doing part of what the notice requires, where it required all of it.
- Disagreeing with the notice and ignoring it, rather than using whatever appeal the instrument provides.
Penalty
- Mode of trial
- Summary only — tried in a magistrates’ court
- Maximum fine
- £1,000
- Standard scale
- Level 3
- Maximum prison (summary)
- Not determined
in Scotland a reference to a level is construed as referring to the standard scale as it currently stands (CP(S)A 1995 s.225(2)), not as it stood when the instrument was made.
Sentencing
Offences of this kind are usually sentenced under the guidelines below. This is a mapping by subject, not a finding about this provision, and the links go to a search of the Sentencing Council’s own site.
-
Reduction in sentence for a guilty plea: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 June 2017
The sliding scale of credit for pleading guilty, from one third at the first stage of proceedings downwards.
-
General guideline: overarching principles
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2019
The guideline a court uses when there is no offence-specific guideline, which is the position for the overwhelming majority of offences created by statutory instrument. It sets out how culpability and harm are assessed from first principles.
-
Totality: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales
How to sentence more than one offence at once so that the total is just and proportionate - frequently in point here, because regulatory prosecutions commonly charge several breaches of the same instrument.
Prosecution figures
No published per-offence figure was found for this provision, and it could not be matched to a Ministry of Justice offence code. Offences created by statutory instrument very largely do not have one. Absence of a figure is not evidence that the offence is unused.
Status and lifecycle
- Current status
- Status not determined
- Made
- 20 March 2003
- In force from
- 21 March 2003
- Extent
- S
How this was established: read from the text as made; no revised version available, so later revocation could not be ruled out.
What the instrument is for
(This note is not part of the Regulations) — the explanatory note published with the instrument, © Crown copyright.
The Road Traffic (Vehicle Emissions) (Fixed Penalty) Regulations 1997 (“the 1997 Regulations”) empower certain local authorities in England, Scotland and Wales (“participating authorities”) to issue fixed penalty notices to users of vehicles within their areas who contravene or fail to comply with regulation 61, 61A or 98 of the Road Vehicles (Construction and Use) Regulations 1986 (“the 1986 Regulations”). Those regulations are concerned with emissions of smoke, vapour, gases, oily substances, etc. These Regulations replace the 1997 Regulations, for Scotland only. Under these Regulations a local authority in Scotland may apply to the Scottish Ministers for designation. A local authority so designated may use fixed penalty notices to enforce offences under regulations 61 and 61A of the 1986 Regulations in its area. These Regulations also provide for the enforcement by fixed penalty notice of offences under so much of regulation 98 of the 1986 Regulations as relates to the prevention of exhaust emissions. In Part 1, regulation 2 defines terms used in the Regulations. In Part 2, regulation 3 sets out how an application for designation can be made. Regulation 4 sets out the criteria for designation and requires a local authority to publish notice of a designation. Regulation 5 provides for the revocation of designations. In Part 3, regulation 6 contains provisions relating to the authorisation of persons to carry out emission tests on vehicles, to ensure compliance with the stopping of engines of stationary vehicles and to issue fixed penalty notices. In Part 4, regulation 7 prescribes two offences under the 1986 Regulations as fixed penalty offences for the purposes of these Regulations. The first is referable to regulations 61 and 61A of the 1986 Regulations, and attracts a fixed penalty of £60 under regulation 8(a). The second is referable to so much of regulation 98 of the 1986 Regulations as deals with the prevention of exhaust emissions, and attracts a fixed penalty of £20 under regulation 8(b). (The amounts may be increased in accordance with regulation 18.) Part 5 contains provisions (regulations 9 to 11) which confer power to conduct emission tests and deal with other matters relevant to the first of the fixed penalty offences. Part 6 contains provisions (regulations 12 to 15) which confer power to stop the running of the engine of a stationary vehicle and deal with other matters relevant to the second of the fixed penalty offences. In Part 7, regulations 16 and 17 provide for the timing of the issue of fixed penalty notices and their content. Regulation 18 deals with the effect of fixed penalty notices, and provides for the increase of the penalty where payment is not made in accordance with the notice. Regulation 19 enables a person who has been issued with a fixed penalty notice to ask for a hearing in respect of the offence to which the notice relates. Regulation 20 provides for the making of an application to waive fixed penalties issued in respect of emissions offences altogether. Regulation 21 deals with the withdrawal of fixed penalty notices. In Part 8, regulation 22 deals with the recovery of unpaid fixed penalties. Regulation 23 sets out the way in which notices shall be issued. Regulation 24 revokes the 1997 Regulations with respect to Scotland and saves the relevant provisions in the 1997 Regulations in respect of offences which have been committed prior to these Regulations coming into force.
Read the full note and every offence in this instrument
Other offences in the same instrument
- Furnishing of information for the purposes of Part 5regulation 11(2)
- On-the-spot and deferred emissions testsregulation 9(7)
How this was identified as an offence
Everything above rests on the judgement that this provision creates a criminal offence, rather than mentioning one. That judgement is made by rule, from the words of the provision, and this is the rule that made it — with a confidence of 0.92.
- Basis
- the provision says a person is “guilty of an offence”
- Confidence
- 0.92 of 1.00
A provision that states a penalty for an offence created elsewhere can read very like one that creates an offence, and the rules can mistake the one for the other. If the text quoted above sets a penalty for something made an offence by another provision, treat the classification on this page with that in mind, and read the instrument.
Check the source
- This provision on legislation.gov.uk The authoritative text. Check it before relying on anything here.
- The Road Traffic (Vehicle Emissions) (Fixed Penalty) (Scotland) Regulations 2003 Every offence this instrument creates, and its explanatory note
- Road traffic and vehiclesOther offences on the same subject
- Offences created in 2003