What would breach article 118(2) of The Roads (Northern Ireland) Order 1993?

On these words an offence is committed where a person without reasonable excuse fails to give, or knowingly misstates, that information. Not doing what the provision requires under the Roads (Northern Ireland) Order 1993, by the time it requires it to be done. Doing it, but not in the manner or to the standard the instrument specifies.

Power to obtain information as to ownership of land

Q: Is article 118(2) of The Roads (Northern Ireland) Order 1993 a strict liability offence?

The prosecution must prove both that the conduct happened and that it was done with the state of mind the provision names (knowingly).

article 118(2) of The Roads (Northern Ireland) Order 1993

Revoked
Requires proof of a state of mind
Summary only
Housing, planning, heritage and land

The provision has been revoked and no saving provision preserving liability for earlier conduct was found.

What the provision says

2 Any person required to give information in pursuance of this Article who without reasonable excuse fails to give, or knowingly misstates, that information shall be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to
a fine not exceeding level
3 on the standard scale.

Text as made, from legislation.gov.uk. © Crown copyright, reused under the Open Government Licence v3.0. This is the text as originally made; later amendments are not shown here.

Who it binds, and what has to be proved

Binds: a person
Conduct: failing to do something the instrument requires
Fault element: Requires proof of a state of mind
Burden of proof: An element of the offence, for the prosecution to prove

The prosecution must prove both that the conduct happened and that it was done with the state of mind the provision names (knowingly).

“Without reasonable excuse” here is an element of the offence rather than a defence, so its absence is for the prosecution to prove (R v Charles [2009] EWCA Crim 1570).

Classifier’s reasoning: mens rea word in the offence-creating words: knowingly; qualified by reasonable excuse (an element; prosecution disproves once raised).

The defence, as drafted

quired to give information in pursuance of this Article who without reasonable excuse fails to give, or knowingly misstates, that information shall be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale.

What would breach article 118(2)?

These are illustrations, not law. They are generated from the provision’s own words to show the shape of the offence. Whether any particular conduct is caught depends on the full text, on any amendment since, and on the facts.

On these words an offence is committed where a person without reasonable excuse fails to give, or knowingly misstates, that information.
Not doing what the provision requires under the Roads (Northern Ireland) Order 1993, by the time it requires it to be done.
Doing it, but not in the manner or to the standard the instrument specifies.

Penalty

Mode of trial: Summary only — tried in a magistrates’ court
Maximum fine: £1,000
Standard scale: Level 3
Maximum prison (summary): Not determined

in Northern Ireland a reference to a level is construed as referring to the standard scale as it currently stands (Fines and Penalties (NI) Order 1984 art.5(3)), not as it stood when the instrument was made.

Sentencing

Offences of this kind are usually sentenced under the guidelines below. This is a mapping by subject, not a finding about this provision, and the links go to a search of the Sentencing Council’s own site.

Environmental offences: definitive guideline Magistrates' courts and the Crown Court in England and Wales · in force from 1 July 2014
Covers unauthorised or harmful deposit, treatment or disposal of waste, illegal discharges to air, land and water, and the equivalent offences committed by organisations. It is the guideline that introduced turnover bands for corporate fines, so the size of the defendant company is a starting point rather than a mitigating detail.
Reduction in sentence for a guilty plea: definitive guideline All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 June 2017
The sliding scale of credit for pleading guilty, from one third at the first stage of proceedings downwards.
General guideline: overarching principles All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2019
The guideline a court uses when there is no offence-specific guideline, which is the position for the overwhelming majority of offences created by statutory instrument. It sets out how culpability and harm are assessed from first principles.
Totality: definitive guideline All courts in England and Wales
How to sentence more than one offence at once so that the total is just and proportionate - frequently in point here, because regulatory prosecutions commonly charge several breaches of the same instrument.

Prosecution figures

No published per-offence figure was found for this provision, and it could not be matched to a Ministry of Justice offence code. Offences created by statutory instrument very largely do not have one. Absence of a figure is not evidence that the offence is unused.

Status and lifecycle

Current status: Revoked
Revoked by: The Competition Act 1998 (Transitional, Consequential and Supplemental Provisions) Order 2000
Revoked on: 1 March 2000
Made: 16 December 1993
In force from: 17 February 1994
Extent: Not stated

How this was established: the instrument was revoked by a later instrument found in this corpus.

What the instrument is for

This Order re-enacts with amendments the Roads (Northern Ireland) Order 1980 and other related legislation relating to the construction, improvement, maintenance and protection of roads. The Order also makes new provision for road ferry services.

Read the full note and every offence in this instrument

Other offences in the same instrument

Charges for road ferry servicesarticle 101(5)
Byelaws in connection with road ferry servicesarticle 102(2)
Extraordinary trafficarticle 11(3)
Power to enter on landarticle 119(7)
Power to enter land for construction of temporary worksarticle 120(4)
Restriction of access, etc. in connection with special roadsarticle 18(3)
Restrictions on use of special roadsarticle 20(4)
Prohibition and control of advertising, etc. on or near special roadsarticle 21(1)
Collection of tollsarticle 36(3)
Refusal or failure to pay tollsarticle 37(1)
Obstruction of, interference with, or discharge of material into, a road drain, etcarticle 46(1)
Obstruction of, interference with, or discharge of material into, a road drain, etcarticle 46(4)

How this was identified as an offence

Everything above rests on the judgement that this provision creates a criminal offence, rather than mentioning one. That judgement is made by rule, from the words of the provision, and this is the rule that made it — with a confidence of 0.92.

Basis: the provision says a person is “guilty of an offence”
Confidence: 0.92 of 1.00

A provision that states a penalty for an offence created elsewhere can read very like one that creates an offence, and the rules can mistake the one for the other. If the text quoted above sets a penalty for something made an offence by another provision, treat the classification on this page with that in mind, and read the instrument.

Check the source

This provision on legislation.gov.uk The authoritative text. Check it before relying on anything here.
The Roads (Northern Ireland) Order 1993 Every offence this instrument creates, and its explanatory note
Housing, planning, heritage and landOther offences on the same subject
Offences created in 1993