b for the purposes of obtaining any compensation, knowingly, in or in connection with an application to the…
article 20(1)(b) of Criminal Injuries (Compensation) (Northern Ireland) Order 1988
- Status not determined
- Requires proof of a state of mind
- Either way
- Miscellaneous
This offence was read from the text as made, and no revised version was available, so a later revocation could not be ruled out. Check the current text at legislation.gov.uk.
What the provision says
b for the purposes of obtaining any compensation, knowingly, in or in connection with an application to the Secretary of State or otherwise, makes
a false or misleading statement or
a statement which he does not believe to be true or fails to disclose
a material fact, shall be guilty of an offence.
Text as made, from legislation.gov.uk. © Crown copyright, reused under the Open Government Licence v3.0. This is the text as originally made; later amendments are not shown here.
Who it binds, and what has to be proved
- Binds
- a person
- Conduct
- making a false or misleading statement
- Fault element
- Requires proof of a state of mind
- Burden of proof
- No statutory defence — prosecution proves everything
The prosecution must prove both that the conduct happened and that it was done with the state of mind the provision names (knowingly).
The provision states no defence, so the prosecution bears the burden on every element of the offence.
Classifier’s reasoning: mens rea word in the offence-creating words: knowingly.
What would breach article 20(1)(b)?
These are illustrations, not law. They are generated from the provision’s own words to show the shape of the offence. Whether any particular conduct is caught depends on the full text, on any amendment since, and on the facts.
- Entering a figure on a form or return that is known to be wrong under the Criminal Injuries (Compensation) (Northern Ireland) Order 1988.
- Leaving out something the form asks for, where the omission is what makes the answer misleading.
- Producing a document to an official that has been altered since it was issued.
Penalty
- Mode of trial
- Either way — magistrates’ court or Crown Court
- Maximum fine
- Unlimited
- Maximum prison (summary)
- 1 year
- Maximum prison (on indictment)
- 5 years
'to a fine' with no stated maximum.
Sentencing
Offences of this kind are usually sentenced under the guidelines below. This is a mapping by subject, not a finding about this provision, and the links go to a search of the Sentencing Council’s own site.
-
Imposition of community and custodial sentences: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales
When a community order or custody is justified at all, and the presumption against short custodial sentences.
-
Reduction in sentence for a guilty plea: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 June 2017
The sliding scale of credit for pleading guilty, from one third at the first stage of proceedings downwards.
-
General guideline: overarching principles
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2019
The guideline a court uses when there is no offence-specific guideline, which is the position for the overwhelming majority of offences created by statutory instrument. It sets out how culpability and harm are assessed from first principles.
-
Totality: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales
How to sentence more than one offence at once so that the total is just and proportionate - frequently in point here, because regulatory prosecutions commonly charge several breaches of the same instrument.
Prosecution figures
No published per-offence figure was found for this provision, and it could not be matched to a Ministry of Justice offence code. Offences created by statutory instrument very largely do not have one. Absence of a figure is not evidence that the offence is unused.
Status and lifecycle
- Current status
- Status not determined
- Made
- 27 April 1988
- In force from
- Not determined
- Extent
- Not stated
How this was established: read from the text as made; no revised version available, so later revocation could not be ruled out.
What the instrument is for
(This note is not part of the Order) — the explanatory note published with the instrument, © Crown copyright.
This Order repeals and re-enacts with amendments the Criminal Injuries (Compensation) (Northern Ireland) Order 1977. The principal amendments are— a to introduce a bereavement award of £3,500 and an award of £5,000 to a woman who intends to keep a child conceived as a result of a rape; b to enable criminal convictions indicative of the conduct and way of life of the victim or applicant to be taken into account in the assessment of compensation; c to restrict the cases in which compensation is awarded for nervous shock; d to increase the minimum amount of a claim for compensation; e to increase the discretionary payments limit in respect of children; f to restrict the introduction of new matter in an appeal against a determination of compensation; g to introduce time limits for applications for compensation; and h to exclude from compensation certain injuries sustained accidentally in the course of arresting offenders or preventing offences.
Read the full note and every offence in this instrument
Other offences in the same instrument
- Any person who— a by any deception (as defined in section 15(4) of the Theft Act (Northern Ireland) 1969)…article 20(1)
How this was identified as an offence
Everything above rests on the judgement that this provision creates a criminal offence, rather than mentioning one. That judgement is made by rule, from the words of the provision, and this is the rule that made it — with a confidence of 0.92.
- Basis
- the provision says a person is “guilty of an offence”
- Confidence
- 0.92 of 1.00
A provision that states a penalty for an offence created elsewhere can read very like one that creates an offence, and the rules can mistake the one for the other. If the text quoted above sets a penalty for something made an offence by another provision, treat the classification on this page with that in mind, and read the instrument.
Check the source
- This provision on legislation.gov.uk The authoritative text. Check it before relying on anything here.
- Criminal Injuries (Compensation) (Northern Ireland) Order 1988 Every offence this instrument creates, and its explanatory note
- MiscellaneousOther offences on the same subject
- Offences created in 1988