Penalties for conspiracy

article 11(1) of The Criminal Attempts and Conspiracy (Northern Ireland) Order 1983

Revoked, but still prosecutable
Strict liability
Either way
Miscellaneous

The provision has been revoked, but a saving provision keeps it prosecutable for conduct before a stated date. A person can still be charged with something it is no longer an offence to do.

What the provision says

1 A person guilty by virtue of Article 9 of conspiracy to commit any offence or offences shall be liable on conviction on indictment— a in a case falling within paragraph (2) or (3), to imprisonment for a term related in accordance with that paragraph to the gravity of the offence or offences in question (referred to in paragraphs (2) and (3) as the relevant offence or offences); and b in any other case, to a fine.

Text as made, from legislation.gov.uk. © Crown copyright, reused under the Open Government Licence v3.0. This is the text as originally made; later amendments are not shown here.

Who it binds, and what has to be proved

Binds: a person
Conduct: breaching the provision
Fault element: Strict liability
Burden of proof: No statutory defence — prosecution proves everything

The prosecution must prove that the conduct happened. This is a strict liability offence as drafted: the provision uses no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence, so there is no need to show that a person meant to do it, knew about it, or was careless.

Intention, knowledge and carelessness are irrelevant to guilt. They may still matter a great deal to sentence.

The provision states no defence, so the prosecution bears the burden on every element of the offence.

Classifier’s reasoning: no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence in the offence or its provision.

What would breach article 11(1)?

These are illustrations, not law. They are generated from the provision’s own words to show the shape of the offence. Whether any particular conduct is caught depends on the full text, on any amendment since, and on the facts.

Doing what the provision prohibits, or failing to do what it requires under the Criminal Attempts and Conspiracy (Northern Ireland) Order 1983.

Penalty

Mode of trial: Either way — magistrates’ court or Crown Court
Maximum fine: £500
Maximum prison (summary): 3 months

Sentencing

Offences of this kind are usually sentenced under the guidelines below. This is a mapping by subject, not a finding about this provision, and the links go to a search of the Sentencing Council’s own site.

Imposition of community and custodial sentences: definitive guideline All courts in England and Wales
When a community order or custody is justified at all, and the presumption against short custodial sentences.
Reduction in sentence for a guilty plea: definitive guideline All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 June 2017
The sliding scale of credit for pleading guilty, from one third at the first stage of proceedings downwards.
General guideline: overarching principles All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2019
The guideline a court uses when there is no offence-specific guideline, which is the position for the overwhelming majority of offences created by statutory instrument. It sets out how culpability and harm are assessed from first principles.
Totality: definitive guideline All courts in England and Wales
How to sentence more than one offence at once so that the total is just and proportionate - frequently in point here, because regulatory prosecutions commonly charge several breaches of the same instrument.

Prosecution figures

No published per-offence figure was found for this provision, and it could not be matched to a Ministry of Justice offence code. Offences created by statutory instrument very largely do not have one. Absence of a figure is not evidence that the offence is unused.

Status and lifecycle

Current status: Revoked, but still prosecutable
Revoked by: The Criminal Justice (Serious Fraud) (Northern Ireland) Order 1988
Made: 27 July 1983
In force from: Not determined
Extent: N.I.

How this was established: revoked, but a saving provision keeps the offence prosecutable for conduct before the stated date.

Other offences in the same instrument

Penalties for conspiracyarticle 11(2)
Penalties for conspiracyarticle 11(2)(c)
Penalties for conspiracyarticle 11(3)
Penalties for conspiracyarticle 11(4)
Restrictions on the institution of proceedings for conspiracyarticle 12(1)
Abolitions, savings, transitional provisions and amendmentsarticle 13(7)
Abolitions, savings, transitional provisions and amendmentsarticle 13(7)
1 If, with intent to commit an offence to which this Article applies, a person does an act which is more…article 3
If, with intent to commit an offence to which this Article applies, a person does an act which is more than…article 3(1)
Subject to section 8 of the Computer Misuse Act 1990 (relevance of external law), if this paragraph applies…article 3(1A)
A person may be guilty of attempting to commit an offence to which this Article applies even though the…article 3(2)
In any case where— a apart from this paragraph a person's intention would not be regarded as having amounted…article 3(3)

How this was identified as an offence

Everything above rests on the judgement that this provision creates a criminal offence, rather than mentioning one. That judgement is made by rule, from the words of the provision, and this is the rule that made it — with a confidence of 0.72.

Basis: the provision states liability on summary conviction
Confidence: 0.72 of 1.00

A provision that states a penalty for an offence created elsewhere can read very like one that creates an offence, and the rules can mistake the one for the other. If the text quoted above sets a penalty for something made an offence by another provision, treat the classification on this page with that in mind, and read the instrument.

Check the source

This provision on legislation.gov.uk The authoritative text. Check it before relying on anything here.
The Criminal Attempts and Conspiracy (Northern Ireland) Order 1983 Every offence this instrument creates, and its explanatory note
MiscellaneousOther offences on the same subject
Offences created in 1983