Miscellaneous offences
article 36(1) of Drainage (Northern Ireland) Order 1973
- In force
- Requires proof of a state of mind
- Summary only
- Miscellaneous
The instrument creating this offence has not been revoked so far as the data shows.
What the provision says
1 Any person who—
a wilfully obstructs any officer or servant of the Ministry in the exercise of any functions of the Ministry under this Order, or any person engaged in the construction of any works in pursuance thereof; or
b removes any works (whether constructed or in course of construction) which are vested in the Department for the purposes of this Order; or
c removes, … any pegs, poles or marks placed or made by any authorised person for the purpose of, or in connection with, the construction of any such works; or
d places any solid matter in, or causes or permits any solid matter to fall or pass into, any watercourse in respect of which any works are about to be, or are in course of being, constructed by the Ministry. . . so as to cause any obstruction, hindrance or delay to such construction; or
e obstructs the flow of water to, through or from any works vested in the Department for the purposes of this Order in such manner as to prevent or hinder the efficient operation of those works, or to cause flooding of such works or any land drained thereby; shall be guilty of an offence.
Text as made, from legislation.gov.uk. © Crown copyright, reused under the Open Government Licence v3.0. This is the text as originally made; later amendments are not shown here.
Who it binds, and what has to be proved
- Binds
- a person
- Conduct
- obstructing an official exercising a power
- Fault element
- Requires proof of a state of mind
- Burden of proof
- No statutory defence — prosecution proves everything
The prosecution must prove both that the conduct happened and that it was done with the state of mind the provision names (wilfully).
The provision states no defence, so the prosecution bears the burden on every element of the offence.
Classifier’s reasoning: mens rea word in the offence-creating words: wilfully.
What would breach article 36(1)?
These are illustrations, not law. They are generated from the provision’s own words to show the shape of the offence. Whether any particular conduct is caught depends on the full text, on any amendment since, and on the facts.
- Refusing to let an inspector onto premises they are entitled to enter under the Drainage (Northern Ireland) Order 1973.
- Sending an official away, or telling staff to say nothing, where the power being exercised does not depend on anyone's consent.
- Physically blocking an examination, or removing something an officer has said they intend to inspect.
Penalty
- Mode of trial
- Summary only — tried in a magistrates’ court
- Maximum fine
- £1,000
- Standard scale
- Level 3
- Maximum prison (summary)
- 6 months
in Northern Ireland a reference to a level is construed as referring to the standard scale as it currently stands (Fines and Penalties (NI) Order 1984 art.5(3)), not as it stood when the instrument was made.
Sentencing
Offences of this kind are usually sentenced under the guidelines below. This is a mapping by subject, not a finding about this provision, and the links go to a search of the Sentencing Council’s own site.
-
Reduction in sentence for a guilty plea: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 June 2017
The sliding scale of credit for pleading guilty, from one third at the first stage of proceedings downwards.
-
General guideline: overarching principles
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2019
The guideline a court uses when there is no offence-specific guideline, which is the position for the overwhelming majority of offences created by statutory instrument. It sets out how culpability and harm are assessed from first principles.
-
Totality: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales
How to sentence more than one offence at once so that the total is just and proportionate - frequently in point here, because regulatory prosecutions commonly charge several breaches of the same instrument.
Prosecution figures
No published per-offence figure was found for this provision, and it could not be matched to a Ministry of Justice offence code. Offences created by statutory instrument very largely do not have one. Absence of a figure is not evidence that the offence is unused.
Status and lifecycle
- Current status
- In force
- Made
- 19 January 1973
- In force from
- Not determined
- Extent
- N.I.
How this was established: read from the revised (currently in force) text.
Other offences in the same instrument
- SCHEDULE 7SCHEDULE 7
- Bye-lawsarticle 22(3)
- Control of dams and sluicesarticle 33(4)
- Control of dams and sluicesarticle 33(4)(a)
- Control of dams and sluicesarticle 33(4)(c)
- If any person contravenes paragraph 1, then, without prejudice to the following provisions of this Schedule—…paragraph 5 of SCHEDULE 6
- a that person shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not…paragraph 5(a) of SCHEDULE 6
- If a person on whom a notice has been served under this Schedule fails to comply with the notice, then— a in…paragraph 9 of SCHEDULE 5
- Where, by reason of a contravention of sub-paragraph (1) by any such occupier, any watercourse is, or sea…paragraph 9(2) of SCHEDULE 6
How this was identified as an offence
Everything above rests on the judgement that this provision creates a criminal offence, rather than mentioning one. That judgement is made by rule, from the words of the provision, and this is the rule that made it — with a confidence of 0.92.
- Basis
- the provision says a person is “guilty of an offence”
- Confidence
- 0.92 of 1.00
A provision that states a penalty for an offence created elsewhere can read very like one that creates an offence, and the rules can mistake the one for the other. If the text quoted above sets a penalty for something made an offence by another provision, treat the classification on this page with that in mind, and read the instrument.
Check the source
- This provision on legislation.gov.uk The authoritative text. Check it before relying on anything here.
- Drainage (Northern Ireland) Order 1973 Every offence this instrument creates, and its explanatory note
- MiscellaneousOther offences on the same subject
- Offences created in 1973