39 Breach of the following provisions is an offence— Provision Description of the offence regulation 5(1)…
regulation 39 of The Trade in Animals and Related Products (Wales) Regulations 2011
- Status not determined
- Requires proof of a state of mind
- Dogs, animals, hunting and wildlife
This offence was read from the text as made, and no revised version was available, so a later revocation could not be ruled out. Check the current text at legislation.gov.uk.
What the provision says
39 Breach of the following provisions is an offence— Provision Description of the offence regulation 5(1) Consigning an animal or genetic material without
a health certificate regulation 5(2) Failing to keep
a certificate for at least three years regulation 6(5) Signing
a certificate without being authorised by the Welsh Ministers regulation 6(6) Signing
a certificate knowing it to be false, or not believing it to be true regulation
7 Notification regulation
13 Importation other than at
a border inspection post regulation
14 Notification regulation 15(1) Failing to present
a consignment for inspection regulation 15(2) Failing to comply with
a notice regulation 16(1) Removal from
a border inspection post without
a CVED regulation 16(2) Failing to transport
a consignment to the place specified in the CVED regulation
17 Movement other than under Customs supervision and failure to notify the Welsh Ministers regulation
28 Bringing
a non-compliant product into
a warehouse etc. regulation 29(2) Bringing in an animal or product in breach of
a declaration regulation
36 Obstruction regulation 37(3) Disclosure of information Schedule 2: paragraph 5(1) Trading in apes paragraph 6(2) Keeping records paragraph 6(3) Notification of movement paragraph
7 Movement of animal by-products paragraph 8(2) Slaughter of animals paragraph 8(3) Keeping animals at their place of destination paragraph 9(2) Transport of birds to approved quarantine facilities or centres paragraph 9(3) Release of birds from quarantine paragraph
11 Use of
a certificate relating to ships' stores Schedule
3 paragraph 4(3) Destruction or redispatch in accordance with the authorisation
Text as made, from legislation.gov.uk. © Crown copyright, reused under the Open Government Licence v3.0. This is the text as originally made; later amendments are not shown here.
Who it binds, and what has to be proved
- Binds
- a person
- Conduct
- obstructing an official exercising a power
- Fault element
- Requires proof of a state of mind
- Burden of proof
- No statutory defence — prosecution proves everything
The prosecution must prove both that the conduct happened and that it was done with the state of mind the provision names (knowing it to be).
The provision states no defence, so the prosecution bears the burden on every element of the offence.
Classifier’s reasoning: mens rea word in the offence-creating words: knowing it to be.
What would breach regulation 39?
These are illustrations, not law. They are generated from the provision’s own words to show the shape of the offence. Whether any particular conduct is caught depends on the full text, on any amendment since, and on the facts.
- Refusing to let an inspector onto premises they are entitled to enter under the Trade in Animals and Related Products (Wales) Regulations 2011.
- Sending an official away, or telling staff to say nothing, where the power being exercised does not depend on anyone's consent.
- Physically blocking an examination, or removing something an officer has said they intend to inspect.
Penalty
- Mode of trial
- Not determined
- Maximum fine
- Not determined
- Maximum prison (summary)
- Not determined
no penalty is stated in this instrument; it may be in the enabling Act, or in a general penalties provision this pass did not connect to the offence.
No penalty was determined from this instrument. It may be in the enabling Act, or in a general penalties provision this pass did not connect to the offence. Absence of a figure here is not evidence that the offence carries no penalty.
Sentencing
Offences of this kind are usually sentenced under the guidelines below. This is a mapping by subject, not a finding about this provision, and the links go to a search of the Sentencing Council’s own site.
-
Animal cruelty: definitive guideline
Magistrates' courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 July 2017
Covers cruelty to and neglect of animals, and the associated disqualification and deprivation orders.
-
Reduction in sentence for a guilty plea: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 June 2017
The sliding scale of credit for pleading guilty, from one third at the first stage of proceedings downwards.
-
General guideline: overarching principles
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2019
The guideline a court uses when there is no offence-specific guideline, which is the position for the overwhelming majority of offences created by statutory instrument. It sets out how culpability and harm are assessed from first principles.
-
Totality: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales
How to sentence more than one offence at once so that the total is just and proportionate - frequently in point here, because regulatory prosecutions commonly charge several breaches of the same instrument.
Prosecution figures
No published per-offence figure was found for this provision, and it could not be matched to a Ministry of Justice offence code. Offences created by statutory instrument very largely do not have one. Absence of a figure is not evidence that the offence is unused.
Status and lifecycle
- Current status
- Status not determined
- Made
- 28 September 2011
- In force from
- 19 October 2011
- Extent
- Not stated
How this was established: read from the text as made; no revised version available, so later revocation could not be ruled out.
What the instrument is for
(This note is not part of the Regulations) — the explanatory note published with the instrument, © Crown copyright.
These Regulations revoke and replace the eight sets of Regulations specified in regulation 43. They establish a system for trade between member States in live animals and genetic material (Part 2) and for the importation of live animals, genetic material and products of animal origin from outside the European Union (Part 3). The European Union legislation required to be complied with before animals or goods can be released from control at the port of importation (the “border inspection post”) is listed in Schedule 1. As before, the Welsh Ministers are empowered (in Part 4) to prohibit importation into Wales of any animal or product in the event of a disease outbreak outside the United Kingdom. The Regulations are enforced by the Welsh Ministers, port health authorities, local authorities and the United Kingdom Border Agency in the circumstances set out in regulation 32. The Regulations establish various offences, punishable on summary conviction by a fine up to the statutory maximum or on conviction on indictment by an unlimited fine (or in the case of disclosure relating to customs information imprisonment for up to three months). A regulatory impact assessment has not been produced for this instrument as no new impact on the private, voluntary or public sectors is foreseen.
Read the full note and every offence in this instrument
How this was identified as an offence
Everything above rests on the judgement that this provision creates a criminal offence, rather than mentioning one. That judgement is made by rule, from the words of the provision, and this is the rule that made it — with a confidence of 0.88.
- Basis
- the provision says the conduct “is an offence”; the provision says an offence is committed “if” something happens
- Confidence
- 0.88 of 1.00
A provision that states a penalty for an offence created elsewhere can read very like one that creates an offence, and the rules can mistake the one for the other. If the text quoted above sets a penalty for something made an offence by another provision, treat the classification on this page with that in mind, and read the instrument.
Check the source
- This provision on legislation.gov.uk The authoritative text. Check it before relying on anything here.
- The Trade in Animals and Related Products (Wales) Regulations 2011 Every offence this instrument creates, and its explanatory note
- Dogs, animals, hunting and wildlifeOther offences on the same subject
- Offences created in 2011