Obstruction of officers
article 56(1) of The Sizewell C (Nuclear Generating Station) Order 2022
- Status not determined
- Requires proof of a state of mind
- Summary only
- Housing, planning, heritage and land
This offence was read from the text as made, and no revised version was available, so a later revocation could not be ruled out. Check the current text at legislation.gov.uk.
What the provision says
1 Any person who—
a intentionally obstructs an officer of the harbour authority or other person acting in pursuance of this Order or of any enactment relating to the harbour limits;
b without reasonable excuse fails to comply with
a requirement properly made by such an officer; or
c without reasonable excuse fails to give such an officer any information or produce any document which the officer may require for the purpose of performance of their functions, is guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction of
a fine not exceeding level
3 on the standard scale.
Text as made, from legislation.gov.uk. © Crown copyright, reused under the Open Government Licence v3.0. This is the text as originally made; later amendments are not shown here.
Who it binds, and what has to be proved
- Binds
- a person
- Conduct
- obstructing an official exercising a power
- Fault element
- Requires proof of a state of mind
- Burden of proof
- An element of the offence, for the prosecution to prove
The prosecution must prove both that the conduct happened and that it was done with the state of mind the provision names (intentionally).
“Without reasonable excuse” here is an element of the offence rather than a defence, so its absence is for the prosecution to prove (R v Charles [2009] EWCA Crim 1570).
Classifier’s reasoning: mens rea word in the offence-creating words: intentionally; qualified by reasonable excuse (an element; prosecution disproves once raised).
The defence, as drafted
Order or of any enactment relating to the harbour limits; b without reasonable excuse fails to comply with a requirement properly made by such an officer; or c without reasonable excuse fails to give such an officer any information or produce any document which the officer may require for the purpose of performance of their functions, is guilt
What would breach article 56(1)?
These are illustrations, not law. They are generated from the provision’s own words to show the shape of the offence. Whether any particular conduct is caught depends on the full text, on any amendment since, and on the facts.
- Refusing to let an inspector onto premises they are entitled to enter under the Sizewell C (Nuclear Generating Station) Order 2022.
- Sending an official away, or telling staff to say nothing, where the power being exercised does not depend on anyone's consent.
- Physically blocking an examination, or removing something an officer has said they intend to inspect.
Penalty
- Mode of trial
- Summary only — tried in a magistrates’ court
- Maximum fine
- £1,000
- Standard scale
- Level 3
- Maximum prison (summary)
- Not determined
Sentencing
Offences of this kind are usually sentenced under the guidelines below. This is a mapping by subject, not a finding about this provision, and the links go to a search of the Sentencing Council’s own site.
-
Environmental offences: definitive guideline
Magistrates' courts and the Crown Court in England and Wales · in force from 1 July 2014
Covers unauthorised or harmful deposit, treatment or disposal of waste, illegal discharges to air, land and water, and the equivalent offences committed by organisations. It is the guideline that introduced turnover bands for corporate fines, so the size of the defendant company is a starting point rather than a mitigating detail.
-
Reduction in sentence for a guilty plea: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 June 2017
The sliding scale of credit for pleading guilty, from one third at the first stage of proceedings downwards.
-
General guideline: overarching principles
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2019
The guideline a court uses when there is no offence-specific guideline, which is the position for the overwhelming majority of offences created by statutory instrument. It sets out how culpability and harm are assessed from first principles.
-
Totality: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales
How to sentence more than one offence at once so that the total is just and proportionate - frequently in point here, because regulatory prosecutions commonly charge several breaches of the same instrument.
Prosecution figures
No published per-offence figure was found for this provision, and it could not be matched to a Ministry of Justice offence code. Offences created by statutory instrument very largely do not have one. Absence of a figure is not evidence that the offence is unused.
Status and lifecycle
- Current status
- Status not determined
- Made
- 20 July 2022
- In force from
- 11 August 2022
- Extent
- Not stated
How this was established: read from the text as made; no revised version available, so later revocation could not be ruled out.
What the instrument is for
(This note is not part of the Order) — the explanatory note published with the instrument, © Crown copyright.
This Order authorises NNB Generation Company (SZC) Limited (referred to in this Order as the undertaker) to construct, operate and maintain a nuclear powered generating station at Sizewell, Suffolk, to be known as Sizewell C and comprising two nuclear reactors, as well as associated development. The Order imposes requirements in connection with the nuclear power station and the associated development, together the authorised development. The Order permits the undertaker to acquire or create and acquire, compulsorily or by agreement, rights in land, and to use land for this purpose. A copy of the plans, documents and Book of Reference referred to in this Order and certified in accordance with article 82 (certification of plans, etc) of this Order may be inspected free of charge at Sizewell C Information Office, 48-50 High Street, Leiston IP16 4EW.
Read the full note and every offence in this instrument
Other offences in the same instrument
- Obstruction of workarticle 55
- Obstruction of officersarticle 56(2)
- Failure to comply with directionsarticle 69(1)
How this was identified as an offence
Everything above rests on the judgement that this provision creates a criminal offence, rather than mentioning one. That judgement is made by rule, from the words of the provision, and this is the rule that made it — with a confidence of 0.92.
- Basis
- the provision says a person is “guilty of an offence”
- Confidence
- 0.92 of 1.00
A provision that states a penalty for an offence created elsewhere can read very like one that creates an offence, and the rules can mistake the one for the other. If the text quoted above sets a penalty for something made an offence by another provision, treat the classification on this page with that in mind, and read the instrument.
Check the source
- This provision on legislation.gov.uk The authoritative text. Check it before relying on anything here.
- The Sizewell C (Nuclear Generating Station) Order 2022 Every offence this instrument creates, and its explanatory note
- Housing, planning, heritage and landOther offences on the same subject
- Offences created in 2022