UK Offence Report

General restrictions on disclosure of information

regulation 11 of The Electricity and Gas (Market Integrity and Transparency) (Enforcement etc.) (Amendment) Regulations 2015

This offence was read from the text as made, and no revised version was available, so a later revocation could not be ruled out. Check the current text at legislation.gov.uk.

What the provision says

2 Paragraph (1) does not apply to information to which Article

17 of REMIT applies. 20B

1 A person who fails to comply with Article

17 of REMIT is guilty of an offence.

Text as made, from legislation.gov.uk. © Crown copyright, reused under the Open Government Licence v3.0. This is the text as originally made; later amendments are not shown here.

Who it binds, and what has to be proved

Binds
a person
Conduct
failing to do something the instrument requires
Fault element
Strict liability
Burden of proof
No statutory defence — prosecution proves everything

The prosecution must prove that the conduct happened. This is a strict liability offence as drafted: the provision uses no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence, so there is no need to show that a person meant to do it, knew about it, or was careless.

Intention, knowledge and carelessness are irrelevant to guilt. They may still matter a great deal to sentence.

The provision states no defence, so the prosecution bears the burden on every element of the offence.

Classifier’s reasoning: no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence in the offence or its provision.

What would breach regulation 11?

These are illustrations, not law. They are generated from the provision’s own words to show the shape of the offence. Whether any particular conduct is caught depends on the full text, on any amendment since, and on the facts.

  1. On these words an offence is committed where a person fails to comply with Article 17 of REMIT.
  2. Not doing what the provision requires under the Electricity and Gas (Market Integrity and Transparency) (Enforcement etc.) (Amendment) Regulations 2015, by the time it requires it to be done.
  3. Doing it, but not in the manner or to the standard the instrument specifies.

Penalty

Mode of trial
Either way — magistrates’ court or Crown Court
Maximum fine
Unlimited
Maximum prison (summary)
Not determined
Maximum prison (on indictment)
2 years

stated as £5000, but uncapped in England and Wales by LASPO 2012 s.85(1) ("£5,000 or more, however expressed") for offences committed on or after 12 March 2015.

Sentencing

Offences of this kind are usually sentenced under the guidelines below. This is a mapping by subject, not a finding about this provision, and the links go to a search of the Sentencing Council’s own site.

Prosecution figures

No published per-offence figure was found for this provision, and it could not be matched to a Ministry of Justice offence code. Offences created by statutory instrument very largely do not have one. Absence of a figure is not evidence that the offence is unused.

Status and lifecycle

Current status
Status not determined
Made
23 March 2015
In force from
1 July 2015
Extent
Not stated

How this was established: read from the text as made; no revised version available, so later revocation could not be ruled out.

What the instrument is for

(This note is not part of the Regulations) — the explanatory note published with the instrument, © Crown copyright.

Regulation (EU) No 1227/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2011 on wholesale energy market integrity and transparency (OJ No L 326, 08.12.2011, p1) (“REMIT”) imposes obligations and prohibitions in relation to trading in wholesale energy products within the European Union. “Wholesale energy products” are contracts and derivatives relating to electricity and gas, as defined in Article 2(4) of REMIT. REMIT requires that member States put in place investigatory and enforcement powers, rules on penalties and appeal rights: Articles 13, 18 and 14 of REMIT respectively. The Electricity and Gas (Market Integrity and Transparency) (Enforcement etc.) Regulations 2013 (S.I. 2013/1389) (“REMIT Regulations”) gave effect to Articles 13, 14 and 18 of REMIT, and made related provision, so far as obligations and prohibitions in REMIT applied in June 2013 – namely in respect of Articles 3, 4, 5 and 15 of REMIT. These Regulations give effect to Articles 13, 14 and 18 of REMIT in respect of the remainder of REMIT – Articles 8 and 9 of REMIT. Article 8 (data collection) and Article 9 (registration of market participants) apply only after the European Commission adopts implementing acts under Article 8. The European Commission has adopted such implementing acts by Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 1348/2014 of 17 December 2014 on data reporting implementing Article 8(2) and Article 8(6) of Regulation (EU) No 1227/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council on wholesale energy market integrity and transparency (OJ No L 363, 18.12.2014, p121). Regulation 8 of these Regulations amends the definition of “REMIT requirement” in regulation 4 of the REMIT Regulations, to add reference to Articles 8 and 9. This extended meaning of REMIT requirement has the effect of, for example, enabling the investigation of a failure to comply and the imposition of penalties: regulation 10(1)(a) and regulation 26(1)(a) of the REMIT Regulations respectively. Article 7 of REMIT requires “ACER”, the body established by Regulation (EC) No 713/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 July 2009 establishing an Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators (OJ No L 211, 14.08.2009, p1), to monitor trading in wholesale energy products to detect and prevent trading based on inside information and market manipulation. Article 8 of REMIT – once it applies – enables ACER to collect data to enable it to assess and monitor wholesale energy markets. Article 7 also permits monitoring by “national regulatory authorities”; for Great Britain that is the Gas and Electricity Markets Authority (“the Authority”). Regulation 9 inserts a new regulation 6A into the REMIT Regulations, to require the Authority to monitor the wholesale energy market, so far as it appears to the Authority to be appropriate. Article 17 of REMIT imposes restrictions on the disclosure of confidential information received from an authority of another Member State or from ACER under REMIT. Regulation 11 of these Regulations inserts a new regulation 20B into the REMIT Regulations, to create a criminal offence for failure to comply with those restrictions. This offence echoes the offence for breach of restrictions on disclosure of information that apply in relation to certain information obtained under or by virtue of the principal legislation relating to gas and electricity (e.g. the Utilities Act 2000 (c. 27) and Part I of the Gas Act 1986 (c. 44)): section 105 of the Utilities Act 2000. Regulation 11 of these Regulations also inserts a new regulation 20A into the REMIT Regulations, to impose restrictions on the disclosure of any information obtained under or by virtue of REMIT or the REMIT Regulations that is not covered by the Article 17 restriction. The new regulation 20A applies the restrictions, exceptions and penalties in section 105 of the Utilities Act 2000. Regulation 5 of these Regulations makes amendments to section 105 of the Utilities Act 2000 to ensure that potentially relevant information can be shared for REMIT purposes. The amendments to section 105 apply to information covered directly by that section and to information to which the section indirectly applies by virtue of new regulation 20A. The amendments make clear, for example, that information can be shared for investigatory or enforcement purposes in other member States. Where the Authority is deciding whether to share information with other national regulatory authorities for such purposes, the Authority must consider whether reciprocal arrangements are in place: new subsection (6A) of section 105. The amendments also tidy up references to the gas and electricity authority for Northern Ireland. Part 6 of the REMIT Regulations provides detail on the notices that must be given by the Authority when exercising certain of its enforcement powers. Amongst other things, regulation 39(1)(a), (b), (2) and (3) imposes prohibitions on the publication of certain information relating to those notices. These Regulations put in place an enforcement mechanism for breaches of those prohibitions. Certain breaches will be punishable under the new regulation 20A of the REMIT Regulations. More generally, these Regulations enable the Authority to investigate and to seek an injunction or impose a penalty for breach of the prohibitions by any person to whom the Authority has given or copied a notice: regulations 7, 10, 12, 13 and 14 of these Regulations. Regulation 4 of these Regulations amends section 5 of the Utilities Act 2000 to provide that the Authority’s annual report must include a summary of final notices given by the Authority under Part 6 of the REMIT Regulations. A full regulatory impact assessment has not been produced for this instrument as no, or no significant, impact on the private, voluntary or public sectors is foreseen.

Read the full note and every offence in this instrument

Other offences in the same instrument

How this was identified as an offence

Everything above rests on the judgement that this provision creates a criminal offence, rather than mentioning one. That judgement is made by rule, from the words of the provision, and this is the rule that made it — with a confidence of 0.92.

Basis
the provision says a person is “guilty of an offence”
Confidence
0.92 of 1.00

A provision that states a penalty for an offence created elsewhere can read very like one that creates an offence, and the rules can mistake the one for the other. If the text quoted above sets a penalty for something made an offence by another provision, treat the classification on this page with that in mind, and read the instrument.

Check the source