UK Offence Report

Disclosure of confidential information

article 41 of The London Underground (Bank Station Capacity Upgrade) Order 2015

This offence was read from the text as made, and no revised version was available, so a later revocation could not be ruled out. Check the current text at legislation.gov.uk.

What the provision says

41 A person who— a enters a factory, workshop or workplace in pursuance of the provisions of article 18 (protective works to buildings, roads and apparatus of a statutory undertaker) or article 19 (power to survey and investigate land); and b discloses to any person any information obtained by him relating to any manufacturing process or trade secret, is guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale unless the disclosure is made in the course of that person’s performance of a duty in connection with the purposes for which the person was authorised to enter the land.

Text as made, from legislation.gov.uk. © Crown copyright, reused under the Open Government Licence v3.0. This is the text as originally made; later amendments are not shown here.

Who it binds, and what has to be proved

Binds
a person
Conduct
breaching the provision
Fault element
Strict liability
Burden of proof
No statutory defence — prosecution proves everything

The prosecution must prove that the conduct happened. This is a strict liability offence as drafted: the provision uses no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence, so there is no need to show that a person meant to do it, knew about it, or was careless.

Intention, knowledge and carelessness are irrelevant to guilt. They may still matter a great deal to sentence.

The provision states no defence, so the prosecution bears the burden on every element of the offence.

Classifier’s reasoning: no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence in the offence or its provision.

What would breach article 41?

These are illustrations, not law. They are generated from the provision’s own words to show the shape of the offence. Whether any particular conduct is caught depends on the full text, on any amendment since, and on the facts.

  1. Doing what the provision prohibits, or failing to do what it requires under the London Underground (Bank Station Capacity Upgrade) Order 2015.

Penalty

Mode of trial
Summary only — tried in a magistrates’ court
Maximum fine
£1,000
Standard scale
Level 3
Maximum prison (summary)
Not determined

Sentencing

Offences of this kind are usually sentenced under the guidelines below. This is a mapping by subject, not a finding about this provision, and the links go to a search of the Sentencing Council’s own site.

Prosecution figures

No published per-offence figure was found for this provision, and it could not be matched to a Ministry of Justice offence code. Offences created by statutory instrument very largely do not have one. Absence of a figure is not evidence that the offence is unused.

Status and lifecycle

Current status
Status not determined
Made
22 December 2015
In force from
12 January 2016
Extent
Not stated

How this was established: read from the text as made; no revised version available, so later revocation could not be ruled out.

What the instrument is for

(This note is not part of the Order) — the explanatory note published with the instrument, © Crown copyright.

This Order authorises London Underground Limited (referred to in this Order as the Company) to construct and operate works at Bank station in the City of London for the purposes of creating additional passenger access capacity to the Company’s Northern line underground railway at that station. The works include a new southbound running tunnel to carry a diversion of the Northern line together with a new passenger platform at Bank station to serve the diverted line. The Order also authorises cross passages from the proposed new platform to the existing Northern line southbound platform (which will become a new underground passenger concourse serving the Northern line) as well as other works and conveniences to improve passenger access between the Northern line, Central Line and Docklands Light Railway including new step free passenger access at street level within a proposed new station entrance in Cannon Street. The works will also improve emergency, fire and evacuation protection measures currently in place at Bank station. The Order also authorises the compulsory acquisition and temporary use of land for the purposes of the works and confers powers in connection with the construction and operation of the works. A copy of the works plans, sections, land plan and the book of reference mentioned in the Order and certified in accordance with article 47 of this Order may be inspected free of charge during normal working hours at the offices of London Underground Limited at Windsor House, 42-50 Victoria Street, London SW1H 0TL.

Read the full note and every offence in this instrument

Other offences in the same instrument

How this was identified as an offence

Everything above rests on the judgement that this provision creates a criminal offence, rather than mentioning one. That judgement is made by rule, from the words of the provision, and this is the rule that made it — with a confidence of 0.92.

Basis
the provision says a person is “guilty of an offence”
Confidence
0.92 of 1.00

A provision that states a penalty for an offence created elsewhere can read very like one that creates an offence, and the rules can mistake the one for the other. If the text quoted above sets a penalty for something made an offence by another provision, treat the classification on this page with that in mind, and read the instrument.

Check the source