Power to demand evidence of destination of restricted goods or luxury goods
paragraph 1(3) of SCHEDULE 2 of The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (Sanctions) (Overseas Territories) Order 2012
- Status not determined
- Strict liability
- International sanctions, export control and trade restrictions
This offence was read from the text as made, and no revised version was available, so a later revocation could not be ruled out. Check the current text at legislation.gov.uk.
What the provision says
3 It is an offence for
a person (“P”) to fail to comply with
a requirement under sub-paragraph (1), unless P proves that the goods reached
a destination other than an authorised destination without P’s consent or connivance.
Text as made, from legislation.gov.uk. © Crown copyright, reused under the Open Government Licence v3.0. This is the text as originally made; later amendments are not shown here.
Who it binds, and what has to be proved
- Binds
- a person
- Conduct
- failing to comply with a notice or direction
- Fault element
- Strict liability
- Burden of proof
- No statutory defence — prosecution proves everything
The prosecution must prove that the conduct happened. This is a strict liability offence as drafted: the provision uses no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence, so there is no need to show that a person meant to do it, knew about it, or was careless.
Intention, knowledge and carelessness are irrelevant to guilt. They may still matter a great deal to sentence.
The provision states no defence, so the prosecution bears the burden on every element of the offence.
Classifier’s reasoning: no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence in the offence or its provision.
What would breach paragraph 1(3) of SCHEDULE 2?
These are illustrations, not law. They are generated from the provision’s own words to show the shape of the offence. Whether any particular conduct is caught depends on the full text, on any amendment since, and on the facts.
- Being served with a notice under the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (Sanctions) (Overseas Territories) Order 2012 and doing nothing by the date it specifies.
- Doing part of what the notice requires, where it required all of it.
- Disagreeing with the notice and ignoring it, rather than using whatever appeal the instrument provides.
Penalty
- Mode of trial
- Not determined
- Maximum fine
- Unlimited
- Maximum prison (summary)
- 7 years
'to a fine' with no stated maximum.
Sentencing
Offences of this kind are usually sentenced under the guidelines below. This is a mapping by subject, not a finding about this provision, and the links go to a search of the Sentencing Council’s own site.
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Sentencing organisations: fines and the means of a corporate defendant
All courts in England and Wales
How a fine on a company is arrived at from its turnover. Relevant far beyond the guidelines that state it, because a very large share of the offences in this corpus can only be committed by an organisation.
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Fraud, bribery and money laundering offences: definitive guideline
Magistrates' courts and the Crown Court in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2014
Covers fraud, false accounting, bribery and money laundering, including offences committed by organisations.
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Reduction in sentence for a guilty plea: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 June 2017
The sliding scale of credit for pleading guilty, from one third at the first stage of proceedings downwards.
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General guideline: overarching principles
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2019
The guideline a court uses when there is no offence-specific guideline, which is the position for the overwhelming majority of offences created by statutory instrument. It sets out how culpability and harm are assessed from first principles.
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Totality: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales
How to sentence more than one offence at once so that the total is just and proportionate - frequently in point here, because regulatory prosecutions commonly charge several breaches of the same instrument.
Prosecution figures
No published per-offence figure was found for this provision, and it could not be matched to a Ministry of Justice offence code. Offences created by statutory instrument very largely do not have one. Absence of a figure is not evidence that the offence is unused.
Status and lifecycle
- Current status
- Status not determined
- Made
- 12 December 2012
- In force from
- 9 January 2013
- Extent
- Not stated
How this was established: read from the text as made; no revised version available, so later revocation could not be ruled out.
What the instrument is for
(This note is not part of the Order) — the explanatory note published with the instrument, © Crown copyright.
This Order gives effect in specified Overseas Territories to sanctions in respect of Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) adopted by the United Nations Security Council in resolutions 1718 (2006) and 1874 (2009). The Order also reflects the implementation of these sanctions by the European Union in Council Decision 2010/800 CFSP (as amended) and Council Regulation (EU) 329/2007 (as amended). This Order revokes and replaces the North Korea (United Nations Measures) (Overseas Territories) Order 2006. The main provisions of the sanctions in respect of DPRK as reflected in this Order are: a prohibition in respect of the direct or indirect sale, supply or transfer to any person in, or for use, in DPRK of (i) arms and related materiel, (ii) items, materials, equipment, goods and technology which could contribute to DPRK’s nuclear-related, ballistic missile-related or other weapons of mass destruction-related programmes or which could contribute to its military activities, (iii) certain dual-use goods and technology, and (iv) luxury goods; a prohibition on the supply to DPRK of certain technical assistance, training, financial and other specified forms of assistance; a prohibition on obtaining arms and other prohibited material as well as related technical assistance, training, financial and other specified forms of assistance from DPRK; a freezing of funds and economic resources owned or controlled by persons or entities designated by the United Nations Security Council or its Committee established pursuant to United Nations Security Council resolution 1718 (2006) or by the European Union; and a prohibition on making funds and economic resources available to such designated persons or entities. Individuals and entities are designated (as specified in United Nations Security Council resolution 1718 (2006)) for being engaged in or providing support for, including through illicit means, DPRK’s nuclear-related, other weapons of mass destruction-related and ballistic missile-related programmes. The sanctions regime also includes a prohibition on the provision of ship supply services, including bunkering, to ships registered in DPRK that are believed to be carrying goods the carriage of which is prohibited by this Order. The Order makes provision for the Governor to licence certain activities in line with exceptions under the sanctions regime.
Read the full note and every offence in this instrument
Other offences in the same instrument
- Providing ship supply servicesarticle 10(1)
- Licences granted by the Governorarticle 11(10)
- Circumvention and contravention of prohibitionsarticle 16
- Dealing with funds and economic resourcesarticle 4(1)
- Dealing with funds and economic resourcesarticle 4(3)
- Dealing with funds and economic resourcesarticle 4(4)
- Information relating to funds etcarticle 6(5)
- Providing, obtaining or carrying restricted goods or luxury goodsarticle 7(1)
- Providing, obtaining or carrying restricted goods or luxury goodsarticle 7(2)
- Providing, obtaining or carrying restricted goods or luxury goodsarticle 7(3)
- Providing, obtaining or carrying restricted goods or luxury goodsarticle 7(4)
- Providing, obtaining or carrying restricted goods or luxury goodsarticle 7(5)
How this was identified as an offence
Everything above rests on the judgement that this provision creates a criminal offence, rather than mentioning one. That judgement is made by rule, from the words of the provision, and this is the rule that made it — with a confidence of 0.90.
- Basis
- the provision says “it is an offence”; the provision says an offence is committed “if” something happens
- Confidence
- 0.90 of 1.00
A provision that states a penalty for an offence created elsewhere can read very like one that creates an offence, and the rules can mistake the one for the other. If the text quoted above sets a penalty for something made an offence by another provision, treat the classification on this page with that in mind, and read the instrument.
Check the source
- This provision on legislation.gov.uk The authoritative text. Check it before relying on anything here.
- The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (Sanctions) (Overseas Territories) Order 2012 Every offence this instrument creates, and its explanatory note
- International sanctions, export control and trade restrictionsOther offences on the same subject
- Offences created in 2012