15 If LWFL fails to— a comply in any material respect with a direction given under article 6, 7 or 10, b…
article 15 of The Lynn and Inner Dowsing Offshore Wind Farms (Amendment) Order 2011
- Status not determined
- Mixed — some elements strict, some not
- Summary only
- Energy, communications, water and utilities
This offence was read from the text as made, and no revised version was available, so a later revocation could not be ruled out. Check the current text at legislation.gov.uk.
What the provision says
15 If LWFL fails to— a comply in any material respect with a direction given under article 6, 7 or 10, b give notification as required by article 7, or c comply in any material respect with article 8 or 10, it shall be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale; but it shall be a defence to LWFL to show that all due diligence was used to secure compliance with the direction or to give the required notification.
Text as made, from legislation.gov.uk. © Crown copyright, reused under the Open Government Licence v3.0. This is the text as originally made; later amendments are not shown here.
Who it binds, and what has to be proved
- Binds
- a person
- Conduct
- failing to do something the instrument requires
- Fault element
- Mixed — some elements strict, some not
- Burden of proof
- Legal burden on the defendant
The prosecution must prove the conduct, and - for those elements the provision qualifies - the state of mind it names. The remaining elements carry no fault requirement, so they are strict.
The provision gives a defence the defendant must prove, on the balance of probabilities. A legal burden of that kind can be read down to a merely evidential one under section 3 of the Human Rights Act 1998 where placing it on the defendant would be disproportionate (R v Lambert [2001] UKHL 37; Sheldrake v DPP [2004] UKHL 43).
Classifier’s reasoning: the offence itself carries no fault word, but a duty it criminalises by cross-reference uses reasonably practicable; which element that governs was not determined.
The defence, as drafted
to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale; but it shall be a defence to LWFL to show that all due diligence was used to secure compliance with the direction or to give the required notification.
What would breach article 15?
These are illustrations, not law. They are generated from the provision’s own words to show the shape of the offence. Whether any particular conduct is caught depends on the full text, on any amendment since, and on the facts.
- Not doing what the provision requires under the Lynn and Inner Dowsing Offshore Wind Farms (Amendment) Order 2011, by the time it requires it to be done.
- Doing it, but not in the manner or to the standard the instrument specifies.
Penalty
- Mode of trial
- Summary only — tried in a magistrates’ court
- Maximum fine
- £1,000
- Standard scale
- Level 3
- Maximum prison (summary)
- Not determined
Sentencing
Offences of this kind are usually sentenced under the guidelines below. This is a mapping by subject, not a finding about this provision, and the links go to a search of the Sentencing Council’s own site.
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Environmental offences: definitive guideline
Magistrates' courts and the Crown Court in England and Wales · in force from 1 July 2014
Covers unauthorised or harmful deposit, treatment or disposal of waste, illegal discharges to air, land and water, and the equivalent offences committed by organisations. It is the guideline that introduced turnover bands for corporate fines, so the size of the defendant company is a starting point rather than a mitigating detail.
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Health and safety offences, corporate manslaughter and food safety and hygiene offences: definitive guideline
Magistrates' courts and the Crown Court in England and Wales · in force from 1 February 2016
Covers breaches of duty under the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 and the regulations made under it, and food safety and food hygiene offences. Sentencing turns on culpability and on the seriousness and likelihood of harm risked, not only on the harm that happened.
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Reduction in sentence for a guilty plea: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 June 2017
The sliding scale of credit for pleading guilty, from one third at the first stage of proceedings downwards.
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General guideline: overarching principles
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2019
The guideline a court uses when there is no offence-specific guideline, which is the position for the overwhelming majority of offences created by statutory instrument. It sets out how culpability and harm are assessed from first principles.
-
Totality: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales
How to sentence more than one offence at once so that the total is just and proportionate - frequently in point here, because regulatory prosecutions commonly charge several breaches of the same instrument.
Prosecution figures
No published per-offence figure was found for this provision, and it could not be matched to a Ministry of Justice offence code. Offences created by statutory instrument very largely do not have one. Absence of a figure is not evidence that the offence is unused.
Status and lifecycle
- Current status
- Status not determined
- Made
- 17 January 2011
- In force from
- Not determined
- Extent
- Not stated
How this was established: read from the text as made; no revised version available, so later revocation could not be ruled out.
What the instrument is for
(This note is not part of the Order) — the explanatory note published with the instrument, © Crown copyright.
This Order authorises the construction and maintenance of cabling under the sea in relation to three specific wind turbines authorised to be constructed as part of the Inner Dowsing Wind Farm by the Inner Dowsing Offshore Wind Farm Order 2003 (S.I. 2003/2831); and in relation to three specific wind turbines authorised to be constructed as part of the Lynn Offshore Wind Farm by the Lynn Offshore Wind Farm Order 2003 (S.I. 2003/2829). The Order also transfers to LWFL the powers to construct and maintain the six wind turbines. A copy of the deposited plans and the deposited sections may be inspected free of charge during working hours at the offices of Lincs Wind Farm Limited, c/o Centrica Renewables, Millstream East, Maidenhead Road, Windsor, Berkshire SL4 5GD.
Read the full note and every offence in this instrument
Other offences in the same instrument
- Temporary exclusion zones for navigationarticle 11(1)
- Obstructing execution of authorised worksarticle 14
How this was identified as an offence
Everything above rests on the judgement that this provision creates a criminal offence, rather than mentioning one. That judgement is made by rule, from the words of the provision, and this is the rule that made it — with a confidence of 0.92.
- Basis
- the provision says a person is “guilty of an offence”
- Confidence
- 0.92 of 1.00
A provision that states a penalty for an offence created elsewhere can read very like one that creates an offence, and the rules can mistake the one for the other. If the text quoted above sets a penalty for something made an offence by another provision, treat the classification on this page with that in mind, and read the instrument.
Check the source
- This provision on legislation.gov.uk The authoritative text. Check it before relying on anything here.
- The Lynn and Inner Dowsing Offshore Wind Farms (Amendment) Order 2011 Every offence this instrument creates, and its explanatory note
- Energy, communications, water and utilitiesOther offences on the same subject
- Offences created in 2011