Offences supplementing the Al-Qaida Regulation
regulation 4(1) of The Export Control (Al-Qaida and Taliban Sanctions) Regulations 2011 (revoked)
- Status not determined
- Strict liability
- Corporate, financial services, company law, employment, charity, electoral and tax
This offence was read from the text as made, and no revised version was available, so a later revocation could not be ruled out. Check the current text at legislation.gov.uk.
What the provision says
1 A person commits an offence and may be arrested who contravenes
a prohibition in Article
3 of the Al-Qaida Regulation (prohibition on provision of technical advice, assistance or training related to military activities to any natural or legal person, entity, body or group listed in Annex I).
Text as made, from legislation.gov.uk. © Crown copyright, reused under the Open Government Licence v3.0. This is the text as originally made; later amendments are not shown here.
Who it binds, and what has to be proved
- Binds
- a person
- Conduct
- contravening a requirement of the instrument
- Fault element
- Strict liability
- Burden of proof
- No statutory defence — prosecution proves everything
The prosecution must prove that the conduct happened. This is a strict liability offence as drafted: the provision uses no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence, so there is no need to show that a person meant to do it, knew about it, or was careless.
Intention, knowledge and carelessness are irrelevant to guilt. They may still matter a great deal to sentence.
The provision states no defence, so the prosecution bears the burden on every element of the offence.
Classifier’s reasoning: no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence in the offence or its provision; other provisions of the same instrument use a mens rea word while this one does not (the Cundy v Le Cocq contrast).
What would breach regulation 4(1)?
These are illustrations, not law. They are generated from the provision’s own words to show the shape of the offence. Whether any particular conduct is caught depends on the full text, on any amendment since, and on the facts.
- Doing the thing the provision prohibits under the Export Control (Al-Qaida and Taliban Sanctions) Regulations 2011, whatever the reason for doing it.
- Where the requirement is a positive duty, letting the time for performing it pass without performing it.
Penalty
- Mode of trial
- Not determined
- Maximum fine
- Not determined
- Maximum prison (summary)
- Not determined
no penalty is stated in this instrument; it may be in the enabling Act, or in a general penalties provision this pass did not connect to the offence.
No penalty was determined from this instrument. It may be in the enabling Act, or in a general penalties provision this pass did not connect to the offence. Absence of a figure here is not evidence that the offence carries no penalty.
Sentencing
Offences of this kind are usually sentenced under the guidelines below. This is a mapping by subject, not a finding about this provision, and the links go to a search of the Sentencing Council’s own site.
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Sentencing organisations: fines and the means of a corporate defendant
All courts in England and Wales
How a fine on a company is arrived at from its turnover. Relevant far beyond the guidelines that state it, because a very large share of the offences in this corpus can only be committed by an organisation.
-
Fraud, bribery and money laundering offences: definitive guideline
Magistrates' courts and the Crown Court in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2014
Covers fraud, false accounting, bribery and money laundering, including offences committed by organisations.
-
Reduction in sentence for a guilty plea: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 June 2017
The sliding scale of credit for pleading guilty, from one third at the first stage of proceedings downwards.
-
General guideline: overarching principles
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2019
The guideline a court uses when there is no offence-specific guideline, which is the position for the overwhelming majority of offences created by statutory instrument. It sets out how culpability and harm are assessed from first principles.
-
Totality: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales
How to sentence more than one offence at once so that the total is just and proportionate - frequently in point here, because regulatory prosecutions commonly charge several breaches of the same instrument.
Prosecution figures
No published per-offence figure was found for this provision, and it could not be matched to a Ministry of Justice offence code. Offences created by statutory instrument very largely do not have one. Absence of a figure is not evidence that the offence is unused.
Status and lifecycle
- Current status
- Status not determined
- Made
- 3 November 2011
- In force from
- 30 November 2011
- Extent
- Not stated
How this was established: read from the text as made; no revised version available, so later revocation could not be ruled out.
What the instrument is for
(This note is not part of the Regulations) — the explanatory note published with the instrument, © Crown copyright.
These Regulations make provision for penalties and enforcement of certain restrictive measures in Council Regulation (EC) No 881/2002 imposing certain specific restrictive measures directed against certain persons and entities associated with the Al-Qaida network (“the Al-Qaida Regulation”) and Council Regulation (EU) No 753/2011 concerning restrictive measures directed against certain individuals, groups, undertakings and entities in view of the situation in Afghanistan (“the Taliban Regulation”). The measures include prohibitions on technical advice, assistance and training related to military activities to any person, body or group listed in Annex I to the Al-Qaida Regulation and prohibitions on technical assistance related to the goods and technology listed in the Common Military List of the European Union to any person, group, undertaking or entity listed in Annex I to the Taliban Regulation.. Regulation 2 revokes articles 3 to 5 of the Al-Qa’ida and Taliban (United Nations Measures) Order 2002 (S.I. 2002/111) which duplicate the effect of provisions contained in the Export Control Order 2008 (S.I. 2008/3231) (“the 2008 Order”), the Al-Qaida Regulation and the Taliban Regulation. Regulations 4 and 5 make it an offence to contravene provisions in Article 3 and 4(1) of the Al-Qaida Regulation and Article 2 of the Taliban Regulation respectively. Regulation 6 addresses a limited overlap with the 2008 Order. It provides that if someone acts in a way that would breach both these Regulations and the 2008 Order, that person only commits an offence under these Regulations. Regulation 7 sets out the penalties relating to the offences in regulations 4 and 5. Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs will enforce the provisions of the Regulations. Regulation 8 provides that the ancillary provisions which apply to their enforcement of customs and excise legislation apply to the enforcement of these Regulations. Regulation 9 requires the Secretary of State to review the operation and effect of these Regulations and publish a report within five years after they come into force and within every five years after that. Following a review it will fall to the Secretary of State to consider whether the Regulations should remain as they are, or be revoked or be amended. A further instrument would be needed to revoke the Regulations or to amend them. A regulatory impact assessment has not been produced for this instrument as it has no or minimal impact on business, charities or voluntary bodies. A copy of the Explanatory Memorandum is published alongside this instrument on www.legislation.gov.uk. Further information is available from the Export Control Organisation, BIS, 1 Victoria Street, London SW1H 0ET and on BIS website (www.bis.gov.uk).
Read the full note and every offence in this instrument
Other offences in the same instrument
- A person commits an offence and may be arrested who participates, knowingly and intentionally, in activities…regulation 4(2)
- A person commits an offence and may be arrested who contravenes a prohibition in Article 2(a) of the Taliban…regulation 5(1)
- A person commits an offence and may be arrested who participates, knowingly and intentionally, in activities…regulation 5(2)
How this was identified as an offence
Everything above rests on the judgement that this provision creates a criminal offence, rather than mentioning one. That judgement is made by rule, from the words of the provision, and this is the rule that made it — with a confidence of 0.92.
- Basis
- the provision says a person “commits an offence”
- Confidence
- 0.92 of 1.00
A provision that states a penalty for an offence created elsewhere can read very like one that creates an offence, and the rules can mistake the one for the other. If the text quoted above sets a penalty for something made an offence by another provision, treat the classification on this page with that in mind, and read the instrument.
Check the source
- This provision on legislation.gov.uk The authoritative text. Check it before relying on anything here.
- The Export Control (Al-Qaida and Taliban Sanctions) Regulations 2011 (revoked) Every offence this instrument creates, and its explanatory note
- Corporate, financial services, company law, employment, charity, electoral and taxOther offences on the same subject
- Offences created in 2011