Disclosure of information by or on behalf of public authorities
article 54A(3) of The Public Audit (Wales) Act 2004 (Relaxation of Restriction on Disclosure) Order 2005
- Status not determined
- Strict liability
- Summary only
- Corporate, financial services, company law, employment, charity, electoral and tax
This offence was read from the text as made, and no revised version was available, so a later revocation could not be ruled out. Check the current text at legislation.gov.uk.
What the provision says
3 A person mentioned in subsection (2) who discloses any such information otherwise than as authorised by subsection (2) is guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to
a fine not exceeding the statutory maximum.
Text as made, from legislation.gov.uk. © Crown copyright, reused under the Open Government Licence v3.0. This is the text as originally made; later amendments are not shown here.
Who it binds, and what has to be proved
- Binds
- a person
- Conduct
- breaching the provision
- Fault element
- Strict liability
- Burden of proof
- No statutory defence — prosecution proves everything
The prosecution must prove that the conduct happened. This is a strict liability offence as drafted: the provision uses no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence, so there is no need to show that a person meant to do it, knew about it, or was careless.
Intention, knowledge and carelessness are irrelevant to guilt. They may still matter a great deal to sentence.
The provision states no defence, so the prosecution bears the burden on every element of the offence.
Classifier’s reasoning: no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence in the offence or its provision.
What would breach article 54A(3)?
These are illustrations, not law. They are generated from the provision’s own words to show the shape of the offence. Whether any particular conduct is caught depends on the full text, on any amendment since, and on the facts.
- On these words an offence is committed where a person discloses any such information otherwise than as authorised by subsection (2).
- Doing what the provision prohibits, or failing to do what it requires under the Public Audit (Wales) Act 2004 (Relaxation of Restriction on Disclosure) Order 2005.
Penalty
- Mode of trial
- Summary only — tried in a magistrates’ court
- Maximum fine
- Unlimited
- Maximum prison (summary)
- Not determined
expressed as the statutory maximum (the prescribed sum): the same words mean £5,000 in England and Wales and £10,000 in Scotland.
Sentencing
Offences of this kind are usually sentenced under the guidelines below. This is a mapping by subject, not a finding about this provision, and the links go to a search of the Sentencing Council’s own site.
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Sentencing organisations: fines and the means of a corporate defendant
All courts in England and Wales
How a fine on a company is arrived at from its turnover. Relevant far beyond the guidelines that state it, because a very large share of the offences in this corpus can only be committed by an organisation.
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Fraud, bribery and money laundering offences: definitive guideline
Magistrates' courts and the Crown Court in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2014
Covers fraud, false accounting, bribery and money laundering, including offences committed by organisations.
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Reduction in sentence for a guilty plea: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 June 2017
The sliding scale of credit for pleading guilty, from one third at the first stage of proceedings downwards.
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General guideline: overarching principles
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2019
The guideline a court uses when there is no offence-specific guideline, which is the position for the overwhelming majority of offences created by statutory instrument. It sets out how culpability and harm are assessed from first principles.
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Totality: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales
How to sentence more than one offence at once so that the total is just and proportionate - frequently in point here, because regulatory prosecutions commonly charge several breaches of the same instrument.
Prosecution figures
No published per-offence figure was found for this provision, and it could not be matched to a Ministry of Justice offence code. Offences created by statutory instrument very largely do not have one. Absence of a figure is not evidence that the offence is unused.
Status and lifecycle
- Current status
- Status not determined
- Made
- 23 March 2005
- In force from
- Not determined
- Extent
- Not stated
How this was established: read from the text as made; no revised version available, so later revocation could not be ruled out.
What the instrument is for
(This note is not part of the Order) — the explanatory note published with the instrument, © Crown copyright.
Section 54 of the Public Audit (Wales) Act 2004 (“the Act”) contains restrictions on disclosure of information. It is a criminal offence to breach those restrictions. The restrictions closely reflect the provisions of section 49 of the Audit Commission Act 1998 (“the Audit Commission Act”), thus maintaining consistency between England and Wales as regards criminal sanctions imposed by primary legislation. Section 54(6) - (8) gives the Secretary of State the power to amend or repeal the preceding provisions of the section. The power can be used only if section 49 of the Audit Commission Act has already been amended or repealed, and only for the purpose of making equivalent changes to section 54 of the Act. It cannot be used to impose any further restriction on the disclosure of information under section 54. Section 49 of the Audit Commission Act has been amended, since the Act was passed, by the Freedom of Information (Removal and Relaxation of Statutory Prohibitions on Disclosure of Information) Order 2004 (“the Freedom of Information Order”). Article 2 of the present Order amends section 54 of the Act in a manner which has the same effect as the amendments to section 49 of the Audit Commission Act. Article 2(3) removes public authorities (within the meaning of the Freedom of Information Act 2000), or persons acting on their behalf, from the ambit of the restriction on the disclosure of information contained in section 54. Article 2(4) then inserts a new section 54A into the Act, dealing with the disclosure of information by or on behalf of such public authorities. Like section 54, the new section applies only to information obtained by the Auditor General for Wales, or an auditor (as defined in section 59(2) of the Act), pursuant to a provision of Part 2 of the Act (local government bodies in Wales) or Part 1 of the Local Government Act 1999 (Best Value), or in the course of an audit, study or inspection under any of those provisions or under section 145C of the Government of Wales Act 1998 (studies relating to registered social landlords). The new section 54A(2)(a) and (b) preserves the ability of public authorities within the meaning of the Freedom of Information Act 2000 (“FOI Act public authorities”), and persons acting on their behalf, to disclose such information in the circumstances in which they were, before the making of this Order, able to disclose it by virtue of section 54(2). In addition, section 54A(2)(c) allows disclosure, by FOI Act public authorities and persons acting on their behalf, in any other circumstances, except where disclosure would or would be likely to prejudice the performance by any such person of their statutory functions. If an FOI Act public authority (or person acting on its behalf) discloses information in circumstances not authorised by paragraphs (a) – (c) of that section 54A(2), that person is guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding the statutory maximum.
Read the full note and every offence in this instrument
What Parliament said
Mentions of this instrument in Hansard. Parliamentary material is reused under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0.
- Public Audit (Wales) Act 2004 (Relaxation of Restriction on Disclosure) Order 2005 Lords · 22 March 2005
How this was identified as an offence
Everything above rests on the judgement that this provision creates a criminal offence, rather than mentioning one. That judgement is made by rule, from the words of the provision, and this is the rule that made it — with a confidence of 0.92.
- Basis
- the provision says a person is “guilty of an offence”
- Confidence
- 0.92 of 1.00
A provision that states a penalty for an offence created elsewhere can read very like one that creates an offence, and the rules can mistake the one for the other. If the text quoted above sets a penalty for something made an offence by another provision, treat the classification on this page with that in mind, and read the instrument.
Check the source
- This provision on legislation.gov.uk The authoritative text. Check it before relying on anything here.
- The Public Audit (Wales) Act 2004 (Relaxation of Restriction on Disclosure) Order 2005 Every offence this instrument creates, and its explanatory note
- Corporate, financial services, company law, employment, charity, electoral and taxOther offences on the same subject
- Offences created in 2005