12 It shall be an offence under the Act for any person without legal authority or excuse, proof of which…
article 12 of The Disease Control (Interim Measures) (England) Order 2002
- Revoked
- Strict liability
- Dogs, animals, hunting and wildlife
The provision has been revoked and no saving provision preserving liability for earlier conduct was found.
What the provision says
12 It shall be an offence under the Act for any person without legal authority or excuse, proof of which shall lie on him, to—
a contravene any provision of this Order or any provision of
a licence, authority, permit or notice issued or served under it; or
b cause or permit any such contravention or non compliance.
Text as made, from legislation.gov.uk. © Crown copyright, reused under the Open Government Licence v3.0. This is the text as originally made; later amendments are not shown here.
Who it binds, and what has to be proved
- Binds
- a person
- Conduct
- contravening a requirement of the instrument
- Fault element
- Strict liability
- Burden of proof
- No statutory defence — prosecution proves everything
The prosecution must prove that the conduct happened. This is a strict liability offence as drafted: the provision uses no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence, so there is no need to show that a person meant to do it, knew about it, or was careless.
Intention, knowledge and carelessness are irrelevant to guilt. They may still matter a great deal to sentence.
The provision states no defence, so the prosecution bears the burden on every element of the offence.
Classifier’s reasoning: no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence in the offence or its provision.
What would breach article 12?
These are illustrations, not law. They are generated from the provision’s own words to show the shape of the offence. Whether any particular conduct is caught depends on the full text, on any amendment since, and on the facts.
- Doing the thing the provision prohibits under the Disease Control (Interim Measures) (England) Order 2002, whatever the reason for doing it.
- Where the requirement is a positive duty, letting the time for performing it pass without performing it.
Penalty
- Mode of trial
- Not determined
- Maximum fine
- Not determined
- Maximum prison (summary)
- Not determined
no penalty is stated in this instrument; it may be in the enabling Act, or in a general penalties provision this pass did not connect to the offence.
No penalty was determined from this instrument. It may be in the enabling Act, or in a general penalties provision this pass did not connect to the offence. Absence of a figure here is not evidence that the offence carries no penalty.
Sentencing
Offences of this kind are usually sentenced under the guidelines below. This is a mapping by subject, not a finding about this provision, and the links go to a search of the Sentencing Council’s own site.
-
Animal cruelty: definitive guideline
Magistrates' courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 July 2017
Covers cruelty to and neglect of animals, and the associated disqualification and deprivation orders.
-
Reduction in sentence for a guilty plea: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 June 2017
The sliding scale of credit for pleading guilty, from one third at the first stage of proceedings downwards.
-
General guideline: overarching principles
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2019
The guideline a court uses when there is no offence-specific guideline, which is the position for the overwhelming majority of offences created by statutory instrument. It sets out how culpability and harm are assessed from first principles.
-
Totality: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales
How to sentence more than one offence at once so that the total is just and proportionate - frequently in point here, because regulatory prosecutions commonly charge several breaches of the same instrument.
Prosecution figures
No published per-offence figure was found for this provision, and it could not be matched to a Ministry of Justice offence code. Offences created by statutory instrument very largely do not have one. Absence of a figure is not evidence that the offence is unused.
Status and lifecycle
- Current status
- Revoked
- Revoked by
- The Disease Control (Interim Measures) (England) (No. 2) Order 2002
- Revoked on
- 6 September 2002
- Made
- 7 February 2002
- In force from
- 11 February 2002
- Extent
- Not stated
How this was established: the instrument was revoked by a later instrument found in this corpus.
What the instrument is for
(This note is not part of the Order) — the explanatory note published with the instrument, © Crown copyright.
This Order, which applies to England only, provides for temporary disease control measures. The Order provides for movement restrictions on animals (articles 3 and 4). In particular, it provides that it shall be unlawful to move any animal unless under the authority of a licence issued by the Minister (article 3(1)(a)) and imposes a 20 day standstill period following the movement of animals on to premises, subject to exemptions for various specified movements (article 3(2) and(3)). The Order also provides for: a animals arriving at slaughterhouses to be slaughtered within 48 hours of arrival (article 4); b a licence regime for sheep shearing and dipping (article 5); c a licence regime for the ultrasound scanning of sheep (article 6); d a permit system for hunting (article 7); e the administrative arrangements in relation to this Order (article 8); f arrangements on change of occupation of premises (article 9); g general provisions in relation to licences (article 10); h powers of the Minister and local authority inspectors (article 11); i offences under the Order (article 12); and j enforcement of the Order (article 13). In addition, the definition of “animals” in the Animal Health Act 1981 is extended for the purposes of the application of that Act to this Order so as to cover elephants (article 14). A regulatory impact assessment has not been prepared for this Order.
Read the full note and every offence in this instrument
How this was identified as an offence
Everything above rests on the judgement that this provision creates a criminal offence, rather than mentioning one. That judgement is made by rule, from the words of the provision, and this is the rule that made it — with a confidence of 0.90.
- Basis
- the provision says “it is an offence”; the provision says an offence is committed “if” something happens
- Confidence
- 0.90 of 1.00
A provision that states a penalty for an offence created elsewhere can read very like one that creates an offence, and the rules can mistake the one for the other. If the text quoted above sets a penalty for something made an offence by another provision, treat the classification on this page with that in mind, and read the instrument.
Check the source
- This provision on legislation.gov.uk The authoritative text. Check it before relying on anything here.
- The Disease Control (Interim Measures) (England) Order 2002 Every offence this instrument creates, and its explanatory note
- Dogs, animals, hunting and wildlifeOther offences on the same subject
- Offences created in 2002