Punishment of offences
regulation 69(2) of The Feedingstuffs (Zootechnical Products) Regulations 1998 (revoked)
- Status not determined
- Strict liability
- Either way
- Agriculture, plant health, food production and rural affairs
This offence was read from the text as made, and no revised version was available, so a later revocation could not be ruled out. Check the current text at legislation.gov.uk.
What the provision says
2 Any person who commits any of the offences set out in regulation 68(b) shall be liable on summary conviction to
a fine not exceeding level
5 on the standard scale.
Text as made, from legislation.gov.uk. © Crown copyright, reused under the Open Government Licence v3.0. This is the text as originally made; later amendments are not shown here.
Who it binds, and what has to be proved
- Binds
- a person
- Conduct
- breaching the provision
- Fault element
- Strict liability
- Burden of proof
- Legal burden on the defendant
The prosecution must prove that the conduct happened. This is a strict liability offence as drafted: the provision uses no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence, so there is no need to show that a person meant to do it, knew about it, or was careless.
Intention, knowledge and carelessness are irrelevant to guilt. They may still matter a great deal to sentence.
The provision gives a defence the defendant must prove, on the balance of probabilities. A legal burden of that kind can be read down to a merely evidential one under section 3 of the Human Rights Act 1998 where placing it on the defendant would be disproportionate (R v Lambert [2001] UKHL 37; Sheldrake v DPP [2004] UKHL 43).
Classifier’s reasoning: no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence in the offence or its provision; qualified by reasonable excuse (an element; prosecution disproves once raised).
The defence, as drafted
nufactured or assembled so as not to comply with his order, it shall be a defence for him to prove— a that, in placing his order, a copy of the documents relating to the manufacture and assembly of the product were available, or had been provided, to that other person and the person responsible for putting the product into circulation had instructed that o
What would breach regulation 69(2)?
These are illustrations, not law. They are generated from the provision’s own words to show the shape of the offence. Whether any particular conduct is caught depends on the full text, on any amendment since, and on the facts.
- On these words an offence is committed where a person commits any of the offences set out in regulation 68(b).
- Doing what the provision prohibits, or failing to do what it requires under the Feedingstuffs (Zootechnical Products) Regulations 1998.
Penalty
- Mode of trial
- Either way — magistrates’ court or Crown Court
- Maximum fine
- £5,000
- Standard scale
- Level 5
- Maximum prison (summary)
- Not determined
this is the level 5 value when the instrument came into force (1998-05-06); the standard scale is keyed to the date the offence was committed, and for conduct today the same words mean an unlimited fine.
Sentencing
Offences of this kind are usually sentenced under the guidelines below. This is a mapping by subject, not a finding about this provision, and the links go to a search of the Sentencing Council’s own site.
-
Animal cruelty: definitive guideline
Magistrates' courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 July 2017
Covers cruelty to and neglect of animals, and the associated disqualification and deprivation orders.
-
Health and safety offences, corporate manslaughter and food safety and hygiene offences: definitive guideline
Magistrates' courts and the Crown Court in England and Wales · in force from 1 February 2016
Covers breaches of duty under the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 and the regulations made under it, and food safety and food hygiene offences. Sentencing turns on culpability and on the seriousness and likelihood of harm risked, not only on the harm that happened.
-
Imposition of community and custodial sentences: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales
When a community order or custody is justified at all, and the presumption against short custodial sentences.
-
Reduction in sentence for a guilty plea: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 June 2017
The sliding scale of credit for pleading guilty, from one third at the first stage of proceedings downwards.
-
General guideline: overarching principles
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2019
The guideline a court uses when there is no offence-specific guideline, which is the position for the overwhelming majority of offences created by statutory instrument. It sets out how culpability and harm are assessed from first principles.
-
Totality: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales
How to sentence more than one offence at once so that the total is just and proportionate - frequently in point here, because regulatory prosecutions commonly charge several breaches of the same instrument.
Prosecution figures
No published per-offence figure was found for this provision, and it could not be matched to a Ministry of Justice offence code. Offences created by statutory instrument very largely do not have one. Absence of a figure is not evidence that the offence is unused.
Status and lifecycle
- Current status
- Status not determined
- Made
- 9 April 1998
- In force from
- 6 May 1998
- Extent
- Not stated
How this was established: read from the text as made; no revised version available, so later revocation could not be ruled out.
What the instrument is for
(This note is not part of the Regulations) — the explanatory note published with the instrument, © Crown copyright.
These Regulations implement, insofar as they relate to zootechnical additives and products with zootechnical additives in them, the provisions of Council Directive 70/524/EEC, as last amended by Council Directive 96/51/EC, on additives in feedingstuffs, and of Council Directive 95/69/EC which lay down the conditions and arrangements for approving and registering certain establishments and intermediaries operating in the animal feed sector. A zootechnical additive is an additive which is classified as an antibiotic, a coccidiostat or other medicinal substance, or a growth promoter and which is used for eventual incorporation in a feedingstuff. The Regulations set out the requirements for applications for Community authorisation of zootechnical additives (regulations 6 to 9) and the approval of establishments (regulations 10 to 17) and intermediaries (regulations 18 to 25). The Regulations control the manufacture and marketing of zootechnical additives, zootechnical premixtures (i.e. mixtures of additives in compound feedingstuffs) and zootechnical feedingstuffs (regulations 26 to 62). These Regulations set fees for the examination of dossiers (regulation 9) and for the approval of establishments (regulation 15) and intermediaries (regulation 23). Supplementary provisions (regulations 63 to 75) include provisions for offences (regulation 69) and penalties (regulation 70). The application of the Medicines Act 1968 to zootechnical products is excluded except in relation to animal test certificates for unauthorised zootechnical additives (regulation 74). A Regulatory Appraisal has been prepared and a copy has been placed in the library of each House of Parliament.
Read the full note and every offence in this instrument
Other offences in the same instrument
- It shall be an offence for a person— a without reasonable excuse, to contravene any provision of regulation…regulation 68
- Any person who commits any of the offences set out in regulation 68(c) or 68(d) shall be liable on summary…regulation 69(3)
How this was identified as an offence
Everything above rests on the judgement that this provision creates a criminal offence, rather than mentioning one. That judgement is made by rule, from the words of the provision, and this is the rule that made it — with a confidence of 0.72.
- Basis
- the provision states liability on summary conviction; the provision states a penalty in older drafting
- Confidence
- 0.72 of 1.00
A provision that states a penalty for an offence created elsewhere can read very like one that creates an offence, and the rules can mistake the one for the other. If the text quoted above sets a penalty for something made an offence by another provision, treat the classification on this page with that in mind, and read the instrument.
Check the source
- This provision on legislation.gov.uk The authoritative text. Check it before relying on anything here.
- The Feedingstuffs (Zootechnical Products) Regulations 1998 (revoked) Every offence this instrument creates, and its explanatory note
- Agriculture, plant health, food production and rural affairsOther offences on the same subject
- Offences created in 1998