Amendment of the principal Regulations
regulation 4(b) of The Plant Protection Products (Amendment) Regulations 1997
- Revoked
- Strict liability
- Food, consumer protection, trading standards, product safety and age-restricted sales
The provision has been revoked and no saving provision preserving liability for earlier conduct was found.
What the provision says
b at the end of the regulation there shall be inserted the following paragraph–
3 Any person who contravenes or causes or permits any person to contravene any requirement imposed under this regulation shall be guilty of an offence. .
Text as made, from legislation.gov.uk. © Crown copyright, reused under the Open Government Licence v3.0. This is the text as originally made; later amendments are not shown here.
Who it binds, and what has to be proved
- Binds
- a person
- Conduct
- contravening a requirement of the instrument
- Fault element
- Strict liability
- Burden of proof
- No statutory defence — prosecution proves everything
The prosecution must prove that the conduct happened. This is a strict liability offence as drafted: the provision uses no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence, so there is no need to show that a person meant to do it, knew about it, or was careless.
Intention, knowledge and carelessness are irrelevant to guilt. They may still matter a great deal to sentence.
The provision states no defence, so the prosecution bears the burden on every element of the offence.
Classifier’s reasoning: no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence in the offence or its provision.
What would breach regulation 4(b)?
These are illustrations, not law. They are generated from the provision’s own words to show the shape of the offence. Whether any particular conduct is caught depends on the full text, on any amendment since, and on the facts.
- On these words an offence is committed where a person contravenes or causes or permits any person to contravene any requirement imposed under this regulation.
- Doing the thing the provision prohibits under the Plant Protection Products (Amendment) Regulations 1997, whatever the reason for doing it.
- Where the requirement is a positive duty, letting the time for performing it pass without performing it.
Penalty
- Mode of trial
- Not determined
- Maximum fine
- Not determined
- Maximum prison (summary)
- Not determined
no penalty is stated here: this instrument amends another one, and the penalty for the offence is in the instrument being amended.
No penalty was determined from this instrument. It may be in the enabling Act, or in a general penalties provision this pass did not connect to the offence. Absence of a figure here is not evidence that the offence carries no penalty.
Sentencing
Offences of this kind are usually sentenced under the guidelines below. This is a mapping by subject, not a finding about this provision, and the links go to a search of the Sentencing Council’s own site.
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Sentencing organisations: fines and the means of a corporate defendant
All courts in England and Wales
How a fine on a company is arrived at from its turnover. Relevant far beyond the guidelines that state it, because a very large share of the offences in this corpus can only be committed by an organisation.
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Health and safety offences, corporate manslaughter and food safety and hygiene offences: definitive guideline
Magistrates' courts and the Crown Court in England and Wales · in force from 1 February 2016
Covers breaches of duty under the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 and the regulations made under it, and food safety and food hygiene offences. Sentencing turns on culpability and on the seriousness and likelihood of harm risked, not only on the harm that happened.
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Reduction in sentence for a guilty plea: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 June 2017
The sliding scale of credit for pleading guilty, from one third at the first stage of proceedings downwards.
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General guideline: overarching principles
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2019
The guideline a court uses when there is no offence-specific guideline, which is the position for the overwhelming majority of offences created by statutory instrument. It sets out how culpability and harm are assessed from first principles.
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Totality: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales
How to sentence more than one offence at once so that the total is just and proportionate - frequently in point here, because regulatory prosecutions commonly charge several breaches of the same instrument.
Prosecution figures
No published per-offence figure was found for this provision, and it could not be matched to a Ministry of Justice offence code. Offences created by statutory instrument very largely do not have one. Absence of a figure is not evidence that the offence is unused.
Status and lifecycle
- Current status
- Revoked
- Revoked by
- The Plant Protection Products Amendment (Scotland) Regulations 2002
- Revoked on
- 30 March 2002
- Made
- 3 January 1997
- In force from
- 31 January 1997
- Extent
- Not stated
How this was established: the instrument was revoked by a later instrument found in this corpus.
What the instrument is for
(This note is not part of the Regulations) — the explanatory note published with the instrument, © Crown copyright.
These Regulations further amend the Plant Protection Products Regulations 1995 (S.I. 1995/887), as amended (S.I. 1996/1940), (“the principal Regulations”) which implement in Great Britain Council Directive 91/414/EEC concerning the placing of plant protection products on the market (“the Directive”), as amended by Commission Directive 93/71/EEC, Commission Directive 94/37/EC, Commission Directive 94/79/EC, Commission Directive 95/35/EC and Commission Directive 95/36/EC, each of which amends Annexes II and III to the Directive. The Regulations– a amend the definition of the Directive provided in the principal Regulations in consequence of Commission Directive 96/12/EC (OJ No. L65, 15.3.96, p. 20) and Commission Directive 96/46/EC (OJ No. L214, 23.8.96, p. 18), each of which amends Annexes II and III to the Directive (regulation 3); b make certain modifications to the powers of seizure and disposal (regulation 4) and strengthen the enforcement of such powers (regulations 6 and 7); c extend the disapplication of the Control of Pesticides Regulations 1986 (S.I. 1986/1510) to plant protection products which are approved under regulation 9 of the principal Regulations (regulation 8); d make certain minor amendments in order to clarify the principal Regulations (regulations 5 and 9). A compliance cost assessment has been prepared and a copy has been placed in the library of each House of Parliament. Copies of the compliance cost assessment can be obtained from the Pesticides Safety Directorate of the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Room 30LR8, Mallard House, Kings Pool, 3 Peasholme Green, York YO1 2PX.
Read the full note and every offence in this instrument
Other offences in the same instrument
- In regulation 20– a for paragraph (1) there shall be substituted the following paragraph– 1 Where there has…regulation 4
How this was identified as an offence
Everything above rests on the judgement that this provision creates a criminal offence, rather than mentioning one. That judgement is made by rule, from the words of the provision, and this is the rule that made it — with a confidence of 0.92.
- Basis
- the provision says a person is “guilty of an offence”
- Confidence
- 0.92 of 1.00
A provision that states a penalty for an offence created elsewhere can read very like one that creates an offence, and the rules can mistake the one for the other. If the text quoted above sets a penalty for something made an offence by another provision, treat the classification on this page with that in mind, and read the instrument.
Check the source
- This provision on legislation.gov.uk The authoritative text. Check it before relying on anything here.
- The Plant Protection Products (Amendment) Regulations 1997 Every offence this instrument creates, and its explanatory note
- Food, consumer protection, trading standards, product safety and age-restricted salesOther offences on the same subject
- Offences created in 1997