False statements
regulation 14 of The Heather Moorland (Livestock Extensification) (Scotland) Regulations 1995
- Revoked
- Requires proof of a state of mind
- Summary only
- Agriculture, plant health, food production and rural affairs
The provision has been revoked and no saving provision preserving liability for earlier conduct was found.
What the provision says
14 If any person, for the purposes of obtaining for himself or any other person any aid under the scheme, knowingly or recklessly furnishes information which is false or misleading in
a material particular, that person shall be guilty of an offence and liable, on summary conviction, to
a fine not exceeding level
5 on the standard scale.
Text as made, from legislation.gov.uk. © Crown copyright, reused under the Open Government Licence v3.0. This is the text as originally made; later amendments are not shown here.
Who it binds, and what has to be proved
- Binds
- a person
- Conduct
- making a false or misleading statement
- Fault element
- Requires proof of a state of mind
- Burden of proof
- No statutory defence — prosecution proves everything
The prosecution must prove both that the conduct happened and that it was done with the state of mind the provision names (knowingly, knowingly or recklessly, recklessly).
The provision states no defence, so the prosecution bears the burden on every element of the offence.
Classifier’s reasoning: mens rea word in the offence-creating words: knowingly, recklessly, knowingly or recklessly.
What would breach regulation 14?
These are illustrations, not law. They are generated from the provision’s own words to show the shape of the offence. Whether any particular conduct is caught depends on the full text, on any amendment since, and on the facts.
- Entering a figure on a form or return that is known to be wrong under the Heather Moorland (Livestock Extensification) (Scotland) Regulations 1995.
- Leaving out something the form asks for, where the omission is what makes the answer misleading.
- Producing a document to an official that has been altered since it was issued.
Penalty
- Mode of trial
- Summary only — tried in a magistrates’ court
- Maximum fine
- £5,000
- Standard scale
- Level 5
- Maximum prison (summary)
- Not determined
in Scotland a reference to a level is construed as referring to the standard scale as it currently stands (CP(S)A 1995 s.225(2)), not as it stood when the instrument was made.
Sentencing
Offences of this kind are usually sentenced under the guidelines below. This is a mapping by subject, not a finding about this provision, and the links go to a search of the Sentencing Council’s own site.
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Animal cruelty: definitive guideline
Magistrates' courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 July 2017
Covers cruelty to and neglect of animals, and the associated disqualification and deprivation orders.
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Health and safety offences, corporate manslaughter and food safety and hygiene offences: definitive guideline
Magistrates' courts and the Crown Court in England and Wales · in force from 1 February 2016
Covers breaches of duty under the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 and the regulations made under it, and food safety and food hygiene offences. Sentencing turns on culpability and on the seriousness and likelihood of harm risked, not only on the harm that happened.
-
Reduction in sentence for a guilty plea: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 June 2017
The sliding scale of credit for pleading guilty, from one third at the first stage of proceedings downwards.
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General guideline: overarching principles
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2019
The guideline a court uses when there is no offence-specific guideline, which is the position for the overwhelming majority of offences created by statutory instrument. It sets out how culpability and harm are assessed from first principles.
-
Totality: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales
How to sentence more than one offence at once so that the total is just and proportionate - frequently in point here, because regulatory prosecutions commonly charge several breaches of the same instrument.
Prosecution figures
No published per-offence figure was found for this provision, and it could not be matched to a Ministry of Justice offence code. Offences created by statutory instrument very largely do not have one. Absence of a figure is not evidence that the offence is unused.
Status and lifecycle
- Current status
- Revoked
- Revoked by
- The Heather Moorland (Livestock Extensification) (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 1996
- Revoked on
- 1 January 1997
- Made
- 23 March 1995
- In force from
- 24 April 1995
- Extent
- S
How this was established: the instrument was revoked by a later instrument found in this corpus.
What the instrument is for
(This note is not part of the Regulations) — the explanatory note published with the instrument, © Crown copyright.
These Regulations apply to Scotland and make provision for the payment of aid to farmers who undertake to reduce the proportion of sheep per forage area pursuant to Article 2(1)(c) of Council Regulation (EEC) No. 2078/92 (OJ No. L 215, 30.7.92, p.85) on agricultural methods compatible with the requirements of the protection of the environment and the maintenance of the countryside (“the Agri-environmental Regulation”). The Regulations— a define the “specified stocking rate” which a sheep farmer or grazing committee have to meet on their heather moorland so as to be eligible for aid, and also define “heather moorland” and “relevant livestock” (regulation 2(1)); b enable the Secretary of State to make payments of aid to applicants satisfying the conditions of and applying in accordance with the Regulations (regulation 3); c specify the conditions of eligibility to be satisfied by applicants for aid (regulation 4); d specify the conditions for the participation of crofters common grazings committees (regulation 5); e specify the requirements in relation to applications for aid and the documents to accompany such applications (regulation 6); f specify restrictions on the acceptance of applications by the Secretary of State (regulation 7); g make provision for an increase in ewe numbers kept on a holding (regulation 8); h make provision prohibiting transfer or lease of unused quota by participants in the scheme. Producers who give undertakings under the Regulations will be participating in an extensification programme in accordance with the measure referred to in Article 2(1)(c) of the Agri-environmental Regulation. Accordingly the provision of Article 7(4) of Commission Regulation (EEC) No.3567/92 (OJ No.L362, 11.12.92, p.41) as amended by Commission Regulation (EC) No.1720/94, OJ No.L181, 15.7.94, p.6) laying down detailed rules for the application of the individual limits, national reserves and transfer of rights in the sheepmeat and goat-meat sector, will apply. Such producers will not be permitted to transfer or lease any quota released as a result of their participation in the scheme for the duration of their participation in the scheme (regulation 9); i make provision for payment of aid to a new occupant where there has been a change in the occupation of the whole or part of a holding due to the death of a beneficiary or otherwise (regulation 10); j specify the amounts, period and method of payment of aid (regulation 11); k require an applicant or beneficiary to permit an authorised person to enter premises and inspect premises, documents and records and to give reasonable assistance to the authorised person (regulation 12); l specify circumstances when the Secretary of State may withhold aid or recover payments already made (regulation 13); and m create offences and prescribe penalties (regulation 14).
Read the full note and every offence in this instrument
How this was identified as an offence
Everything above rests on the judgement that this provision creates a criminal offence, rather than mentioning one. That judgement is made by rule, from the words of the provision, and this is the rule that made it — with a confidence of 0.92.
- Basis
- the provision says a person is “guilty of an offence”
- Confidence
- 0.92 of 1.00
A provision that states a penalty for an offence created elsewhere can read very like one that creates an offence, and the rules can mistake the one for the other. If the text quoted above sets a penalty for something made an offence by another provision, treat the classification on this page with that in mind, and read the instrument.
Check the source
- This provision on legislation.gov.uk The authoritative text. Check it before relying on anything here.
- The Heather Moorland (Livestock Extensification) (Scotland) Regulations 1995 Every offence this instrument creates, and its explanatory note
- Agriculture, plant health, food production and rural affairsOther offences on the same subject
- Offences created in 1995