1 A person who contravenes or fails to comply with any provision of these Regulations without reasonable…
regulation 14(1) of The Marketing of Ornamental Plant Material Regulations 1995
- Revoked
- Strict liability
- Summary only
- Agriculture, plant health, food production and rural affairs
The provision has been revoked and no saving provision preserving liability for earlier conduct was found.
What the provision says
1 A person who contravenes or fails to comply with any provision of these Regulations without reasonable excuse, proof of which shall lie on him, shall be guilty of an offence.
Text as made, from legislation.gov.uk. © Crown copyright, reused under the Open Government Licence v3.0. This is the text as originally made; later amendments are not shown here.
Who it binds, and what has to be proved
- Binds
- a person
- Conduct
- contravening a requirement of the instrument
- Fault element
- Strict liability
- Burden of proof
- An element of the offence, for the prosecution to prove
The prosecution must prove that the conduct happened. This is a strict liability offence as drafted: the provision uses no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence, so there is no need to show that a person meant to do it, knew about it, or was careless.
Intention, knowledge and carelessness are irrelevant to guilt. They may still matter a great deal to sentence.
“Without reasonable excuse” here is an element of the offence rather than a defence, so its absence is for the prosecution to prove (R v Charles [2009] EWCA Crim 1570).
Classifier’s reasoning: no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence in the offence or its provision; qualified by reasonable excuse (an element; prosecution disproves once raised).
The defence, as drafted
or fails to comply with any provision of these Regulations without reasonable excuse, proof of which shall lie on him, shall be guilty of an offence.
What would breach regulation 14(1)?
These are illustrations, not law. They are generated from the provision’s own words to show the shape of the offence. Whether any particular conduct is caught depends on the full text, on any amendment since, and on the facts.
- On these words an offence is committed where a person contravenes or fails to comply with any provision of these Regulations without reasonable excuse, proof of which shall lie on him.
- Doing the thing the provision prohibits under the Marketing of Ornamental Plant Material Regulations 1995, whatever the reason for doing it.
- Where the requirement is a positive duty, letting the time for performing it pass without performing it.
Penalty
- Mode of trial
- Summary only — tried in a magistrates’ court
- Maximum fine
- £1,000
- Standard scale
- Level 3
- Maximum prison (summary)
- Not determined
Sentencing
Offences of this kind are usually sentenced under the guidelines below. This is a mapping by subject, not a finding about this provision, and the links go to a search of the Sentencing Council’s own site.
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Animal cruelty: definitive guideline
Magistrates' courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 July 2017
Covers cruelty to and neglect of animals, and the associated disqualification and deprivation orders.
-
Health and safety offences, corporate manslaughter and food safety and hygiene offences: definitive guideline
Magistrates' courts and the Crown Court in England and Wales · in force from 1 February 2016
Covers breaches of duty under the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 and the regulations made under it, and food safety and food hygiene offences. Sentencing turns on culpability and on the seriousness and likelihood of harm risked, not only on the harm that happened.
-
Reduction in sentence for a guilty plea: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 June 2017
The sliding scale of credit for pleading guilty, from one third at the first stage of proceedings downwards.
-
General guideline: overarching principles
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2019
The guideline a court uses when there is no offence-specific guideline, which is the position for the overwhelming majority of offences created by statutory instrument. It sets out how culpability and harm are assessed from first principles.
-
Totality: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales
How to sentence more than one offence at once so that the total is just and proportionate - frequently in point here, because regulatory prosecutions commonly charge several breaches of the same instrument.
Prosecution figures
No published per-offence figure was found for this provision, and it could not be matched to a Ministry of Justice offence code. Offences created by statutory instrument very largely do not have one. Absence of a figure is not evidence that the offence is unused.
Status and lifecycle
- Current status
- Revoked
- Revoked by
- The Marketing of Ornamental Plant Propagating Material Regulations 1999
- Revoked on
- 1 July 1999
- Made
- 29 September 1995
- In force from
- 1 December 1995
- Extent
- E+W+S
How this was established: the instrument was revoked by a later instrument found in this corpus.
What the instrument is for
(This note is not part of the Regulations) — the explanatory note published with the instrument, © Crown copyright.
These Regulations, which extend to Great Britain, implement Council Directive 91/682/EEC (OJ No. L376, 31.12.91, p.21) and Commission Directives 93/49/EEC (OJ No. L250, 7.10.93, p.9), 93/63/EEC (OJ No. L250, 7.10.93, p.31) and 93/78/EEC (OJ No. L256, 14.10.93, p.19) on the marketing of ornamental plant propagating material and ornamental plants within the European Community. The Regulations, which come into force on 1st December 1995, set quality standards to be met by certain genera and species of plant material when marketed and prescribe conditions to be satisfied by suppliers of plant material, subject to an exemption for small producers all of whose production and sales of plant material are intended for final use by persons on the local market who are not professionally involved in plant production (regulation 4). Suppliers may not market plant material unless it is substantially free on visual inspection from harmful organisms and diseases and unless it satisfies minimum quality requirements; and producers are required to take certain measures if such organisms and diseases are found (regulations 5 and 6). Additional quality requirements are prescribed in respect of the marketing of flower bulbs by producers (regulation 7). Plant material must be marketed with reference to either the group of plants or the variety to which it belongs (regulation 8). It must be accompanied by a supplier’s document or, when marketed to non-professional final consumers, by appropriate product information (regulation 9 and Schedule 2). The Regulations require suppliers who are neither producers nor engaged only in the marketing of small quantities of plant material to non-professional final consumers to keep records on the buying, selling or delivery of plant material. Suppliers (including producers) other than those engaged only in the marketing of plant material to non-professional final consumers are also required to keep records on any mixing of plant material of different origins. Producers must in addition keep records on occurrences of harmful organisms and diseases (regulation 10). Producers who market plant material must be accredited by the Minister. Accreditation is conditional on the maintenance of production practices in accordance with requirements established by the Regulations and on the keeping of prescribed records (regulation 11 and Schedule 3). An inspector may enter the premises of a supplier to ensure compliance with these Regulations and may by notice prohibit the marketing or movement of unsatisfactory plant material (regulation 12). A Compliance Cost Assessment in relation to these Regulations has been placed in the libraries of both Houses of Parliament, and copies can be obtained from the Plant Health Division of the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Foss House, Kings Pool, 1–2 Peasholme Green, York YO1 2PX.
Read the full note and every offence in this instrument
How this was identified as an offence
Everything above rests on the judgement that this provision creates a criminal offence, rather than mentioning one. That judgement is made by rule, from the words of the provision, and this is the rule that made it — with a confidence of 0.92.
- Basis
- the provision says a person is “guilty of an offence”
- Confidence
- 0.92 of 1.00
A provision that states a penalty for an offence created elsewhere can read very like one that creates an offence, and the rules can mistake the one for the other. If the text quoted above sets a penalty for something made an offence by another provision, treat the classification on this page with that in mind, and read the instrument.
Check the source
- This provision on legislation.gov.uk The authoritative text. Check it before relying on anything here.
- The Marketing of Ornamental Plant Material Regulations 1995 Every offence this instrument creates, and its explanatory note
- Agriculture, plant health, food production and rural affairsOther offences on the same subject
- Offences created in 1995