Offences in connection with applications for licences, conditions attaching to licences, etc
article 5(3) of The Export of Goods (Control) Order 1994
- Revoked
- Strict liability
- Either way
- Corporate, financial services, company law, employment, charity, electoral and tax
The provision has been revoked and no saving provision preserving liability for earlier conduct was found.
What the provision says
3 Any person who—
a has exported goods from the United Kingdom under the authority of
a licence granted by the Secretary of State in pursuance of article 3(a); and
b fails to comply with any condition attaching to that licence, or fails to comply with article
8 of this Order; shall be guilty of an offence and liable
i on summary conviction to
a fine not exceeding the statutory maximum, and
ii on conviction on indictment to
a fine or imprisonment for
a term not exceeding
2 years, or to both: Provided that no person shall be guilty of an offence under this paragraph where he proves—
i that the condition with which he failed to comply was modified, otherwise than with his consent, by the Secretary of State; and
ii that the goods in relation to which he failed to comply with the condition had, at the time the condition was modified, been exported from the United Kingdom.
Text as made, from legislation.gov.uk. © Crown copyright, reused under the Open Government Licence v3.0. This is the text as originally made; later amendments are not shown here.
Who it binds, and what has to be proved
- Binds
- a person
- Conduct
- breaching a condition of a licence, permit or consent
- Fault element
- Strict liability
- Burden of proof
- No statutory defence — prosecution proves everything
The prosecution must prove that the conduct happened. This is a strict liability offence as drafted: the provision uses no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence, so there is no need to show that a person meant to do it, knew about it, or was careless.
Intention, knowledge and carelessness are irrelevant to guilt. They may still matter a great deal to sentence.
The provision states no defence, so the prosecution bears the burden on every element of the offence.
Classifier’s reasoning: no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence in the offence or its provision; other provisions of the same instrument use a mens rea word while this one does not (the Cundy v Le Cocq contrast).
What would breach article 5(3)?
These are illustrations, not law. They are generated from the provision’s own words to show the shape of the offence. Whether any particular conduct is caught depends on the full text, on any amendment since, and on the facts.
- Holding a valid licence but doing the thing it allows outside the hours, place or limits its conditions set under the Export of Goods (Control) Order 1994.
- Failing to do something a condition positively requires - a record, a notification, a monitoring step - even though the licensed activity itself is carried on properly.
Penalty
- Mode of trial
- Either way — magistrates’ court or Crown Court
- Maximum fine
- Unlimited
- Maximum prison (summary)
- Not determined
- Maximum prison (on indictment)
- 2 years
'to a fine' with no stated maximum.
Sentencing
Offences of this kind are usually sentenced under the guidelines below. This is a mapping by subject, not a finding about this provision, and the links go to a search of the Sentencing Council’s own site.
-
Sentencing organisations: fines and the means of a corporate defendant
All courts in England and Wales
How a fine on a company is arrived at from its turnover. Relevant far beyond the guidelines that state it, because a very large share of the offences in this corpus can only be committed by an organisation.
-
Fraud, bribery and money laundering offences: definitive guideline
Magistrates' courts and the Crown Court in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2014
Covers fraud, false accounting, bribery and money laundering, including offences committed by organisations.
-
Imposition of community and custodial sentences: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales
When a community order or custody is justified at all, and the presumption against short custodial sentences.
-
Reduction in sentence for a guilty plea: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 June 2017
The sliding scale of credit for pleading guilty, from one third at the first stage of proceedings downwards.
-
General guideline: overarching principles
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2019
The guideline a court uses when there is no offence-specific guideline, which is the position for the overwhelming majority of offences created by statutory instrument. It sets out how culpability and harm are assessed from first principles.
-
Totality: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales
How to sentence more than one offence at once so that the total is just and proportionate - frequently in point here, because regulatory prosecutions commonly charge several breaches of the same instrument.
Prosecution figures
No published per-offence figure was found for this provision, and it could not be matched to a Ministry of Justice offence code. Offences created by statutory instrument very largely do not have one. Absence of a figure is not evidence that the offence is unused.
Status and lifecycle
- Current status
- Revoked
- Revoked by
- The Export of Goods (Control) (Amendment No. 2) Order 1996
- Revoked on
- 1 November 1996
- Made
- 24 April 1994
- In force from
- Not determined
- Extent
- Not stated
How this was established: the instrument was revoked by a later instrument found in this corpus.
What the instrument is for
(This Note is not part of the Order) — the explanatory note published with the instrument, © Crown copyright.
This Order revokes and replaces the Export of Goods (Control) Order 1992 (“the EGCO 1992”) save in its application to antiques and specified amendments thereto. The EGCO 1992 remains in force in relation to the export of antiques. The goods whose export is controlled by this Order are specified in Schedule 1. The list of goods in Groups 2 and 3 of Part III of Schedule 1 has been prepared in consultation with technical experts from other Member States of the European Communities. It specifies the nuclear goods and goods capable of both military and civil use which the United Kingdom has agreed to control as part of certain international arrangements to which it is a party, together with certain other controls. Entries in Group 3 of Part III of Schedule 1 are identified by a 5-character entry reference eg 2B004. The first character denotes the generic category eg 2 (Materials Processing), the second character denotes a sub-category eg B (Test, Inspection and Production Equipment), the third character indicates the origin of the control as follows: controls which former members of COCOM have agreed to maintain for strategic reasons; controls agreed in the Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR); controls agreed in the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG); controls agreed in the Australia Group (AG) (which aims to limit the proliferation of chemical and biological weapons); other controls; and the last two characters are used to identify the explicit item. Export control is relaxed in relation to certain goods as follows: telescopic sights accompanying firearms as part of the personal effects of the exporter subject to certain conditions; certain types of smooth bore weapons; certain types of ammunition and dummy ammunition; signal pistols and air pneumatic launchers for safety of life; certain types of graphite material; component parts for specified bearings; micro-processor, micro-computer and micro-controller micro-circuits; many types of computers and peripherals; modems, communications channel controllers, network access controllers; certain types of fibre optic components; marine gas turbine engines. Export control in relation to small arms, machine guns and accessories is extended in scope to include magazines for firearms. Export control is introduced on certain goods as follows: certain armoured vehicles; certain vehicle containers for military use; equipment designed or modified for the use of military goods; certain components, forgings, castings and semi-finished products for military goods; digital controllers, vibration thrusters and test piece support structures for vibration testing. In the case of certain technology controls are extended to exports to all destinations. Export control has been clarified in relation to bombs and grenades. The note for the calculation of the Composite Theoretical Performance (CTP) in Group 3 of Part III of Schedule 1 in relation to computers has been extended to apply additionally to goods in Category 3 thereof, and is now located amongst the definitions at the beginning of Group 3. Copies of the standards and recommendations referred to in this Order may be obtained from or through the British Standards Institution (BSI) at 3 Linford Wood, Milton Keynes, MK14 6LE, other than the ICAO and TCSEC standards mentioned at entries 5A001f, 5A002 and 6A008f, which may be obtained from the ICAO at 10,000 Sherbrooke Street, Suite 400, Montreal, Canada H3A 2RZ, and the TCSEC, Technical Guidelines Division, National Computer Center, FT George G Meade MD, 20755-6000, USA respectively. By way of assistance to the reader and for convenience only, certain defined terms in Part III of Schedule 1 have been highlighted in bold type. An index to Schedule 1 and certain cross-references have been included. These should not be treated as comprehensive. Any particular goods may fall within more than one Group, Part or entry in Schedule 1 to the Order. In such a case each prohibition (taking effect by such inclusion in that Schedule and the related provisions of Article 2) applies to the export of the goods. This may mean that different entries prohibit the export of the goods to different countries. This Order does not affect any prohibition or restriction on the exportation of goods save as specified in the Order. There are a number of other such prohibitions and restrictions, particulars of which can be obtained on application to the Export Control Organisation, DTI, Kingsgate House, 66-74 Victoria Street, London, SW1E 6SW. These include controls on the export of antiques and cultural goods in the EGCO 1992 and Council Regulation No. 3911/92/EEC. These also include controls on the exportation, supply or delivery of goods, and other related controls, implementing resolutions of the United Nations Security Council in relation to Angola, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, Haiti, Iraq, Libya, Liberia, Serbia and Montenegro, Somalia, Slovenia and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. These include two Orders made under the Import, Export and Customs Powers (Defence) Act 1939, the Export of Goods (Control) (Iraq and Kuwait Sanctions) Order 1990 (S.I. 1990/1640) and the Export of Goods (Control) (Croatian and Bosnian Territories) Order 1993 (S.I. 1993/1189).
Read the full note and every offence in this instrument
Other offences in the same instrument
- If for the purpose of obtaining any licence or permission under this Order for the exportation or shipment…article 5(1)
- Declaration as to goods: powers of searcharticle 6(2)
- Declaration as to goods: powers of searcharticle 6(3)
How this was identified as an offence
Everything above rests on the judgement that this provision creates a criminal offence, rather than mentioning one. That judgement is made by rule, from the words of the provision, and this is the rule that made it — with a confidence of 0.96.
- Basis
- the provision says a person is “guilty of an offence”
- Confidence
- 0.96 of 1.00
A provision that states a penalty for an offence created elsewhere can read very like one that creates an offence, and the rules can mistake the one for the other. If the text quoted above sets a penalty for something made an offence by another provision, treat the classification on this page with that in mind, and read the instrument.
Check the source
- This provision on legislation.gov.uk The authoritative text. Check it before relying on anything here.
- The Export of Goods (Control) Order 1994 Every offence this instrument creates, and its explanatory note
- Corporate, financial services, company law, employment, charity, electoral and taxOther offences on the same subject
- Offences created in 1994