False statements
regulation 11 of The Apple Orchard Grubbing Up Regulations 1991
- Status not determined
- Requires proof of a state of mind
- Summary only
- Agriculture, plant health, food production and rural affairs
This offence was read from the text as made, and no revised version was available, so a later revocation could not be ruled out. Check the current text at legislation.gov.uk.
What the provision says
11 Any person who, for the purpose of obtaining the payment of
a premium to himself or to any other person, knowingly or recklessly makes
a statement which is false in
a material respect shall be guilty of an offence and liable, on summary conviction, to
a fine not exceeding level
5 on the standard scale.
Text as made, from legislation.gov.uk. © Crown copyright, reused under the Open Government Licence v3.0. This is the text as originally made; later amendments are not shown here.
Who it binds, and what has to be proved
- Binds
- a person
- Conduct
- making a false or misleading statement
- Fault element
- Requires proof of a state of mind
- Burden of proof
- No statutory defence — prosecution proves everything
The prosecution must prove both that the conduct happened and that it was done with the state of mind the provision names (for the purpose of obtaining, knowingly, knowingly or recklessly, recklessly).
The provision states no defence, so the prosecution bears the burden on every element of the offence.
Classifier’s reasoning: mens rea word in the offence-creating words: knowingly, recklessly, for the purpose of obtaining, knowingly or recklessly.
What would breach regulation 11?
These are illustrations, not law. They are generated from the provision’s own words to show the shape of the offence. Whether any particular conduct is caught depends on the full text, on any amendment since, and on the facts.
- Entering a figure on a form or return that is known to be wrong under the Apple Orchard Grubbing Up Regulations 1991.
- Leaving out something the form asks for, where the omission is what makes the answer misleading.
- Producing a document to an official that has been altered since it was issued.
Penalty
- Mode of trial
- Summary only — tried in a magistrates’ court
- Maximum fine
- £2,000
- Standard scale
- Level 5
- Maximum prison (summary)
- Not determined
this is the level 5 value when the instrument came into force (1991-02-05); the standard scale is keyed to the date the offence was committed, and for conduct today the same words mean an unlimited fine.
Sentencing
Offences of this kind are usually sentenced under the guidelines below. This is a mapping by subject, not a finding about this provision, and the links go to a search of the Sentencing Council’s own site.
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Animal cruelty: definitive guideline
Magistrates' courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 July 2017
Covers cruelty to and neglect of animals, and the associated disqualification and deprivation orders.
-
Health and safety offences, corporate manslaughter and food safety and hygiene offences: definitive guideline
Magistrates' courts and the Crown Court in England and Wales · in force from 1 February 2016
Covers breaches of duty under the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 and the regulations made under it, and food safety and food hygiene offences. Sentencing turns on culpability and on the seriousness and likelihood of harm risked, not only on the harm that happened.
-
Reduction in sentence for a guilty plea: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 June 2017
The sliding scale of credit for pleading guilty, from one third at the first stage of proceedings downwards.
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General guideline: overarching principles
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2019
The guideline a court uses when there is no offence-specific guideline, which is the position for the overwhelming majority of offences created by statutory instrument. It sets out how culpability and harm are assessed from first principles.
-
Totality: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales
How to sentence more than one offence at once so that the total is just and proportionate - frequently in point here, because regulatory prosecutions commonly charge several breaches of the same instrument.
Prosecution figures
No published per-offence figure was found for this provision, and it could not be matched to a Ministry of Justice offence code. Offences created by statutory instrument very largely do not have one. Absence of a figure is not evidence that the offence is unused.
Status and lifecycle
- Current status
- Status not determined
- Made
- 8 January 1991
- In force from
- 5 February 1991
- Extent
- Not stated
How this was established: read from the text as made; no revised version available, so later revocation could not be ruled out.
What the instrument is for
(This note is not part of the Regulations) — the explanatory note published with the instrument, © Crown copyright.
These Regulations lay down the measures necessary to supervise and enforce in Great Britain the provisions of Council regulations (EEC) No 1200/90 on the improvement of the Community production of apples and Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2604/90, which contains detailed rules for the applications of the Council Regulation. The Council Regulation and the Commission Regulation provide for the payment of a premium to apple producers who grub up their orchards, and penalize, during the fifteen years following grubbing up, the planting of apple trees by the recipient of the premium on any part of his holding and by subsequent occupiers on the areas grubbed up. The premium is not available to producers of cider apples. The present Regulations identify the Ministers responsible for receiving applications for premium (regulation 3), determine how orchard areas should be calculated (regulation 4), confer powers of entry and inspection on officers authorised by the Ministers (regulations 5 and 6), require that subsequent occupiers be notified of the penalty for planting apple trees (regulation 8) and provide, in conformity with Article 6(3) of the Commission Regulation, for recovery of premium from the recipient where there has been a breach of the rules of the scheme (regulation 9) and for payment of a fixed penalty for planting apple trees (regulation 10). Regulation 11 creates an offence of making a false statement for the purpose of obtaining premium (punishable on summary conviction by a fine not exceeding level 5 on the standard scale— at present £2,000), regulation 12 creates offences of obstructing an authorised officer and failing to produce relevant documents (both punishable on summary conviction by a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale— at present £400) and regulation 13 creates an offence of failing to notify a subsequent occupier of the penalty for planting apple trees (punishable on summary conviction by a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale).
Read the full note and every offence in this instrument
Other offences in the same instrument
- Obstruction of authorised officersregulation 12
- Failure to notifyregulation 13(1)
How this was identified as an offence
Everything above rests on the judgement that this provision creates a criminal offence, rather than mentioning one. That judgement is made by rule, from the words of the provision, and this is the rule that made it — with a confidence of 0.92.
- Basis
- the provision says a person is “guilty of an offence”
- Confidence
- 0.92 of 1.00
A provision that states a penalty for an offence created elsewhere can read very like one that creates an offence, and the rules can mistake the one for the other. If the text quoted above sets a penalty for something made an offence by another provision, treat the classification on this page with that in mind, and read the instrument.
Check the source
- This provision on legislation.gov.uk The authoritative text. Check it before relying on anything here.
- The Apple Orchard Grubbing Up Regulations 1991 Every offence this instrument creates, and its explanatory note
- Agriculture, plant health, food production and rural affairsOther offences on the same subject
- Offences created in 1991