Penalties
regulation 13(1) of The Merchant Shipping (Accident Investigation)Regulations 1989
- Status not determined
- Strict liability
- Either way
- Courts, police, prisons and the administration of justice
This offence was read from the text as made, and no revised version was available, so a later revocation could not be ruled out. Check the current text at legislation.gov.uk.
What the provision says
1 If a master, owner or officer fails without reasonable cause to report an accident as required by regulation 5, or if a master or owner so fails to provide information as required by regulation 6, he shall be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale.
Text as made, from legislation.gov.uk. © Crown copyright, reused under the Open Government Licence v3.0. This is the text as originally made; later amendments are not shown here.
Who it binds, and what has to be proved
- Binds
- a master
- Conduct
- failing to do something the instrument requires
- Fault element
- Strict liability
- Burden of proof
- No statutory defence — prosecution proves everything
The prosecution must prove that the conduct happened. This is a strict liability offence as drafted: the provision uses no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence, so there is no need to show that a master meant to do it, knew about it, or was careless.
Intention, knowledge and carelessness are irrelevant to guilt. They may still matter a great deal to sentence.
The provision states no defence, so the prosecution bears the burden on every element of the offence.
Classifier’s reasoning: no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence in the offence or its provision.
What would breach regulation 13(1)?
These are illustrations, not law. They are generated from the provision’s own words to show the shape of the offence. Whether any particular conduct is caught depends on the full text, on any amendment since, and on the facts.
- Not doing what the provision requires under the Merchant Shipping (Accident Investigation)Regulations 1989, by the time it requires it to be done.
- Doing it, but not in the manner or to the standard the instrument specifies.
Penalty
- Mode of trial
- Either way — magistrates’ court or Crown Court
- Maximum fine
- £400
- Standard scale
- Level 3
- Maximum prison (summary)
- Not determined
this is the level 3 value when the instrument came into force (1989-08-07); the standard scale is keyed to the date the offence was committed, and for conduct today the same words mean £1000.
Sentencing
Offences of this kind are usually sentenced under the guidelines below. This is a mapping by subject, not a finding about this provision, and the links go to a search of the Sentencing Council’s own site.
-
Imposition of community and custodial sentences: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales
When a community order or custody is justified at all, and the presumption against short custodial sentences.
-
Reduction in sentence for a guilty plea: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 June 2017
The sliding scale of credit for pleading guilty, from one third at the first stage of proceedings downwards.
-
General guideline: overarching principles
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2019
The guideline a court uses when there is no offence-specific guideline, which is the position for the overwhelming majority of offences created by statutory instrument. It sets out how culpability and harm are assessed from first principles.
-
Totality: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales
How to sentence more than one offence at once so that the total is just and proportionate - frequently in point here, because regulatory prosecutions commonly charge several breaches of the same instrument.
Prosecution figures
No published per-offence figure was found for this provision, and it could not be matched to a Ministry of Justice offence code. Offences created by statutory instrument very largely do not have one. Absence of a figure is not evidence that the offence is unused.
Status and lifecycle
- Current status
- Status not determined
- Made
- 6 July 1989
- In force from
- 7 August 1989
- Extent
- Not stated
How this was established: read from the text as made; no revised version available, so later revocation could not be ruled out.
What the instrument is for
(This note is not part of the Regulations) — the explanatory note published with the instrument, © Crown copyright.
These Regulations give effect to section 33 of the Merchant Shipping Act 1988, which relates to the investigation of marine accidents. They define the accidents to which they apply; set out the purpose of investigation; lay down requirements for accidents to be reported; and make provisions for the ordering and conduct of investigations. The more serious accidents (as defined) must be reported to the Chief Inspector of Marine Accidents, either directly or through a Department of Transport Marine Office or HM Coastguard. (A Merchant Shipping Notice will be issued giving further information on reporting). Any accident may be investigated if it involves a ship registered in the United Kingdom or any other ship in UK waters, and provision is made for the investigation of accidents to non-United Kingdom ships, outside UK waters, at the discretion of the Secretary of State. The Regulations apply to fishing vessels as well as to other ships; they also apply to pleasure craft except that such craft are excluded from the reporting requirements, as are lifeboats operated by the Royal National Lifeboat Institution. Hazardous incidents, defined broadly as incidents having the potential to lead to accidents, may also be investigated. On learning of an accident or hazardous incident, the Chief Inspector may call for such information as he considers necessary from the owner or master of the ship concerned, who must provide it to the best of his ability, before he decides whether an investigation by an inspector is required. If such an investigation is to be carried out, it shall be conducted as the inspector considers will best assist its aims, subject to his statutory powers which are laid down in section 27 of the Merchant Shipping Act 1979. The inspector’s findings, analysis and conclusions are to be submitted to the Chief Inspector, with any recommendations he thinks appropriate. In serious or important accidents, the Chief Inspector may order an Inspector’s Inquiry, at the conclusion of which he is to submit a report to the Secretary of State, which must include the inspector’s findings and his own observations. This report may, and in certain cases must, be published but safeguards are provided to prevent publication before any further legal proceedings under the Merchant Shipping Acts (which might be prejudiced by premature release of the report) are taken, or in other cases before a person who is adversely criticized in the report has the opportunity to rebut such criticism. Provision is also made for the production of summary reports of all investigations. Penalties are laid down for unreasonable failure to report an accident, to provide information, or to keep relevant documents and equipment for an inspector’s scrutiny. Penalties for obstructing an inspector or otherwise impeding his investigation are laid down in section 28 of the Merchant Shipping Act 1979.
Read the full note and every offence in this instrument
What Parliament said
Mentions of this instrument in Hansard. Parliamentary material is reused under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0.
-
("Tax And Company Provisions
Lords · 10 October 1990 · Baroness Blatch
My Lords, the noble Lord is right. This is a very important subject. Regulations are already in place which require reports of incidents concerning the actual or potential loss into the sea of dangerous goods, harmful substances and marine pollutants. The form of these reports has been agreed internationally through the International Maritime Organisation and there is no need to duplicate these requirements.…
-
River Safety
Commons · 17 April 1991 · Mr. John Bowis (Battersea)
I beg to move, That leave be given to bring in a Bill to require minimum standards of visibility from the steering position of passenger launches plying on rivers and other inland waterways; to require the fitting of discotheque noise limiting devices in such launches; to make provision for signalling systems for traffic control in certain rivers; and for connected purposes. The subject of river safety inevitably…
-
Marchioness Disaster
Commons · 14 December 1993 · Mr. Nigel Spearing (Newham, South)
I have no pleasure in raising the subject of the Marchioness disaster. We should not be here; it should not have happened; and it should have been cleared up by a public inquiry. In my Adjournment debate on 10 July last year, we were given an answer by one of the Ministers who are now present. I suspect that either he or a colleague will reply to the debate. I understand why two are present; I think that other…
-
Marchioness Disaster
Commons · 14 December 1993 · Mr. Key
No. I am sorry, but I was given 20 minutes to reply to a debate lasting an hour and a half. I must get on. The inspectors were all well qualified. They are highly professional and experienced seafarers who are appointed to investigate accidents to or on ships. The branch in which they serve is completely independent of those who regulate marine safety. The chief inspector reports directly to my right hon. Friend…
Other offences in the same instrument
- Penaltiesregulation 13(2)
How this was identified as an offence
Everything above rests on the judgement that this provision creates a criminal offence, rather than mentioning one. That judgement is made by rule, from the words of the provision, and this is the rule that made it — with a confidence of 0.92.
- Basis
- the provision says a person is “guilty of an offence”
- Confidence
- 0.92 of 1.00
A provision that states a penalty for an offence created elsewhere can read very like one that creates an offence, and the rules can mistake the one for the other. If the text quoted above sets a penalty for something made an offence by another provision, treat the classification on this page with that in mind, and read the instrument.
Check the source
- This provision on legislation.gov.uk The authoritative text. Check it before relying on anything here.
- The Merchant Shipping (Accident Investigation)Regulations 1989 Every offence this instrument creates, and its explanatory note
- Courts, police, prisons and the administration of justiceOther offences on the same subject
- Offences created in 1989