Contravention of The Furniture and Furnishings (Fire) (Safety) Regulations 1988
the instrument as a whole of The Furniture and Furnishings (Fire) (Safety) Regulations 1988
- Revoked
- Strict liability
- Set by another provision
- Food, consumer protection, trading standards, product safety and age-restricted sales
The provision has been revoked and no saving provision preserving liability for earlier conduct was found.
What the provision says
Contravening this instrument is an offence under section
12 of the Consumer Protection Act 1987. The instrument itself contains no offence-creating words.
Text as made, from legislation.gov.uk. © Crown copyright, reused under the Open Government Licence v3.0. This is the text as originally made; later amendments are not shown here.
Who it binds, and what has to be proved
- Binds
- a person
- Conduct
- breaching the provision
- Fault element
- Strict liability
- Burden of proof
- Not determined
The prosecution must prove that the conduct happened. This is a strict liability offence as drafted: the provision uses no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence, so there is no need to show that a person meant to do it, knew about it, or was careless.
Intention, knowledge and carelessness are irrelevant to guilt. They may still matter a great deal to sentence.
Classifier’s reasoning: contravention offences of this kind are strict as to the breach; the fault position is governed by the parent Act and was not read from it.
What would breach the instrument as a whole?
These are illustrations, not law. They are generated from the provision’s own words to show the shape of the offence. Whether any particular conduct is caught depends on the full text, on any amendment since, and on the facts.
- Doing what the provision prohibits, or failing to do what it requires under the Furniture and Furnishings (Fire) (Safety) Regulations 1988.
Penalty
- Mode of trial
- Set by another provision — the instrument states the penalty by reference to an Act or to another regulation
- Maximum fine
- Not determined
- Maximum prison (summary)
- Not determined
The instrument does not state a penalty itself. It sets one by reference to section 12 of the Consumer Protection Act 1987.
the penalty is in the parent Act, not in this instrument.
No penalty was determined from this instrument. It may be in the enabling Act, or in a general penalties provision this pass did not connect to the offence. Absence of a figure here is not evidence that the offence carries no penalty.
Sentencing
Offences of this kind are usually sentenced under the guidelines below. This is a mapping by subject, not a finding about this provision, and the links go to a search of the Sentencing Council’s own site.
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Sentencing organisations: fines and the means of a corporate defendant
All courts in England and Wales
How a fine on a company is arrived at from its turnover. Relevant far beyond the guidelines that state it, because a very large share of the offences in this corpus can only be committed by an organisation.
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Health and safety offences, corporate manslaughter and food safety and hygiene offences: definitive guideline
Magistrates' courts and the Crown Court in England and Wales · in force from 1 February 2016
Covers breaches of duty under the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 and the regulations made under it, and food safety and food hygiene offences. Sentencing turns on culpability and on the seriousness and likelihood of harm risked, not only on the harm that happened.
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Reduction in sentence for a guilty plea: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 June 2017
The sliding scale of credit for pleading guilty, from one third at the first stage of proceedings downwards.
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General guideline: overarching principles
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2019
The guideline a court uses when there is no offence-specific guideline, which is the position for the overwhelming majority of offences created by statutory instrument. It sets out how culpability and harm are assessed from first principles.
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Totality: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales
How to sentence more than one offence at once so that the total is just and proportionate - frequently in point here, because regulatory prosecutions commonly charge several breaches of the same instrument.
Prosecution figures
No published per-offence figure was found for this provision, and it could not be matched to a Ministry of Justice offence code. Offences created by statutory instrument very largely do not have one. Absence of a figure is not evidence that the offence is unused.
Status and lifecycle
- Current status
- Revoked
- Revoked by
- The Consumer Rights Act 2015 (Commencement No. 3, Transitional Provisions, Savings and Consequential Amendments) Order 2015
- Revoked on
- 1 October 2015
- Made
- 26 July 1988
- In force from
- Not determined
- Extent
- Not stated
How this was established: the instrument was revoked by a later instrument found in this corpus.
What the instrument is for
(This note is not part of the Regulations) — the explanatory note published with the instrument, © Crown copyright.
These Regulations (“the Regulations”) which revoke the Upholstered Furniture (Safety) Regulations 1980 as amended by the Upholstered Furniture (Safety) (Amendment) Regulations 1983 impose requirements in relation to new domestic furniture, including garden furniture which may be used indoors and furniture for use in caravans, subject to exceptions from some of the Regulations for certain furniture. Some of the requirements apply to second-hand furniture. The Regulations do not apply to goods for export or to the supply of goods made before 1st January 1950 or to the supply of materials intended for re-upholstering furniture made before that date. The main provisions of the Regulations are as follows:– a no furniture (other than mattresses, bed-bases, pillows and cushions) may include upholstery which does not pass the cigarette test as defined in regulation 3(1) (regulation 5); b no furniture (other than pillows and cushions) may include any filling material which fails the relevant ignitability test as defined in regulation 3(1) and no furniture may include as filling any crumb foam which is not derived from combustion-modified foam (regulation 6); c loose filling material may not be supplied for filling pillows or cushions or upholstering or re-upholstering furniture if it fails the relevant ignitability test or if it contains crumb foam which is not derived from combustion-modified foam (regulation 7); d if furniture (other than mattresses, bed-bases, pillows and cushions) is supplied with a permanent cover the cover must pass the match test as defined in regulation 3(1) unless the cover is made of a specified material and the furniture has an interliner which passes the test in Schedule 3 (regulation 8(1) to (3)); e a cover or fabric intended to replace the permanent cover on furniture mentioned in regulation 8(1) may not be supplied unless the cover or fabric passes the match test or the furniture has an interliner which passes the test in schedule 3 and the cover or fabric is of a specified material (regulation 8(4)); f covers other than permanent covers for furniture except mattresses, bed-bases, pillows and cushions must pass the appropriate match test (regulation 9); g the appropriate display label as set out in Schedule 6 is to be attached to furniture other than mattresses, bed-bases, pillows and cushions which is exposed for supply by retail (regulation 10); h permanent labels are to be attached to furniture (except mattresses and bed-bases) which include upholstery and to covers other than permanent covers (regulation 11) and if the label is not in the longer form (as specified in Part II of Schedule 7) the additional information set out in regulation 12 must be supplied to an enforcement authority, if required; i manufacturers and importers must supply the information specified in regulation 13 to an enforcement authority, if required to do so; j second-hand furniture is required to comply with regulations 5, 6 and 8(1) to (3) from 1st March 1993 (regulation 14(2); regulation 1(2)(j)) and in the period from 1st March 1990 until 1st March 1993 second-hand furniture may only be supplied subject to the requirements of regulation 14(3) taken with regulation 14(4); k the supply (including the offering and agreeing to supply and the exposing and possessing for supply) of any furniture or other article in respect of which any of the requirements of the Regulations is not satisfied is prohibited, subject to an exception for goods which are supplied as part of a caravan which is being supplied second-hand (regulation 15). The provisions of the Regulations come into force on various dates between 1st November 1988 (when regulation 6 insofar as it relates to foam comes into force as regards the duties of manufacturers and importers, subject to a postponement for garden furniture and furniture for caravans) and 1st March 1993 (regulation 1(2)). The Regulations refer to the provisions of the British Standards set out in regulation 3. The Regulations do not require testing to be carried out by a United Kingdom test house. If equivalent Standards giving the appropriate level of protection are adopted in other member States or by other bodies the Regulations may be amended so as to refer also to such Standards. Copies of the British Standards referred to in the Regulations may be obtained from any of the sales outlets operated by the British Standards Institution (BSI) or by post from the BSI at Linford Wood, Milton Keynes, MK14 6LE.
Read the full note and every offence in this instrument
What Parliament said
Mentions of this instrument in Hansard. Parliamentary material is reused under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0.
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Consolidation of Housing Regulations
Commons · 28 November 2012 · Mr Adrian Sanders (Torbay) (LD)
I beg to move, That leave be given to bring in a Bill to consolidate Regulations relating to tenancies in the social and private housing sectors; and for connected purposes. I would like to draw the House’s attention to my declaration in the Register of Members’ Financial Interests. The Bill would revamp the current framework for the private rented sector, seek to solve some systemic imbalances, make both tenants…
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Furniture and Furnishings (Fire Safety)
Commons · 25 November 2014 · Andrew Stephenson (Pendle) (Con)
It is a pleasure to serve under your chairmanship, Mr Crausby. The Furniture and Furnishings (Fire) (Safety) Regulations 1988 set out the levels of fire resistance for domestic upholstered furniture, furnishings and other products containing upholstery. Between 7 August and 7 October the Government ran a consultation on proposed changes and, subject to its results, the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills…
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Furniture and Furnishings: Fire Safety
Commons · 18 July 2019 · The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (Kelly Tolhurst)
Today, I will publish the Government response to our consultation on updating the Furniture and Furnishings (Fire) (Safety) Regulations 1988, which set fire resistance requirements for cover materials and fillings used to make domestic upholstered furniture. The review aimed to ensure that our legislative framework maintains fire safety for consumers, reflects technological advances in furniture manufacturing…
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Fire Safety of Domestic Upholstered Furniture
Commons · 22 January 2025 · The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Business and Trade (Justin Madders)
I am notifying Parliament today of the publication of a policy paper providing an update on progress in reviewing the fire safety of domestic upholstered furniture. The policy paper sets out important changes we are making now to amend the Furniture and Furnishings (Fire) (Safety) Regulations 1988 (the FFRs), and our plans moving forward. The regulations were introduced as a safety measure to respond to the…
How this was identified as an offence
Everything above rests on the judgement that this provision creates a criminal offence, rather than mentioning one. That judgement is made by rule, from the words of the provision, and this is the rule that made it — with a confidence of 0.55.
- Basis
- the penalty comes from the enabling Act rather than from this instrument
- Confidence
- 0.55 of 1.00
A provision that states a penalty for an offence created elsewhere can read very like one that creates an offence, and the rules can mistake the one for the other. If the text quoted above sets a penalty for something made an offence by another provision, treat the classification on this page with that in mind, and read the instrument.
Check the source
- This provision on legislation.gov.uk The authoritative text. Check it before relying on anything here.
- The Furniture and Furnishings (Fire) (Safety) Regulations 1988 Every offence this instrument creates, and its explanatory note
- Food, consumer protection, trading standards, product safety and age-restricted salesOther offences on the same subject
- Offences created in 1988