(9) Knowingly, and without lawful excuse (the proof whereof shall lie on the person accused), has in his…
SCHEDULE of The National Savings Stamps Regulations 1969
- Status not determined
- Requires proof of a state of mind
- Either way
- Miscellaneous
This offence was read from the text as made, and no revised version was available, so a later revocation could not be ruled out. Check the current text at legislation.gov.uk.
What the provision says
(9) Knowingly, and without lawful excuse (the proof whereof shall lie on the person accused), has in his possession any forged die or stamp or any stamp which has been fraudently printed or impressed from
a genuine die . . . , shall be guilty of an offence and shall on conviction on indictment be liable to imprisonment for
a term not exceeding fourteen years.
Text as made, from legislation.gov.uk. © Crown copyright, reused under the Open Government Licence v3.0. This is the text as originally made; later amendments are not shown here.
Who it binds, and what has to be proved
- Binds
- a person
- Conduct
- selling or supplying something the instrument restricts
- Fault element
- Requires proof of a state of mind
- Burden of proof
- An element of the offence, for the prosecution to prove
The prosecution must prove both that the conduct happened and that it was done with the state of mind the provision names (Fraudulently, Knowingly).
“Without reasonable excuse” here is an element of the offence rather than a defence, so its absence is for the prosecution to prove (R v Charles [2009] EWCA Crim 1570).
Classifier’s reasoning: mens rea word in the offence-creating words: Knowingly; qualified by lawful excuse (an element).
The defence, as drafted
(9) Knowingly, and without lawful excuse (the proof whereof shall lie on the person accused), has in his possession any forged die or stamp or any stamp which has been fraudently printed or impressed from a genuine die . . . , shall be guilty of an offence and shall on conviction on indictment be li
What would breach SCHEDULE?
These are illustrations, not law. They are generated from the provision’s own words to show the shape of the offence. Whether any particular conduct is caught depends on the full text, on any amendment since, and on the facts.
- Selling the goods under the National Savings Stamps Regulations 1969 where the instrument prohibits the sale outright.
- Supplying without carrying out a check the instrument requires first, even where the sale would otherwise be lawful.
- Offering for sale counts as well as selling: displaying stock is enough where the provision reaches an offer.
Penalty
- Mode of trial
- Either way — magistrates’ court or Crown Court
- Maximum fine
- £20
- Maximum prison (summary)
- Not determined
Sentencing
Offences of this kind are usually sentenced under the guidelines below. This is a mapping by subject, not a finding about this provision, and the links go to a search of the Sentencing Council’s own site.
-
Imposition of community and custodial sentences: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales
When a community order or custody is justified at all, and the presumption against short custodial sentences.
-
Reduction in sentence for a guilty plea: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 June 2017
The sliding scale of credit for pleading guilty, from one third at the first stage of proceedings downwards.
-
General guideline: overarching principles
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2019
The guideline a court uses when there is no offence-specific guideline, which is the position for the overwhelming majority of offences created by statutory instrument. It sets out how culpability and harm are assessed from first principles.
-
Totality: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales
How to sentence more than one offence at once so that the total is just and proportionate - frequently in point here, because regulatory prosecutions commonly charge several breaches of the same instrument.
Prosecution figures
No published per-offence figure was found for this provision, and it could not be matched to a Ministry of Justice offence code. Offences created by statutory instrument very largely do not have one. Absence of a figure is not evidence that the offence is unused.
Status and lifecycle
- Current status
- Status not determined
- Made
- 22 September 1969
- In force from
- 1 October 1969
- Extent
- Not stated
How this was established: read from the text as made; no revised version available, so later revocation could not be ruled out.
What the instrument is for
(This note is not part of the Regulations) — the explanatory note published with the instrument, © Crown copyright.
These Regulations apply to national savings stamps, with the necessary modifications, certain provisions of the Stamp Duties Management Act 1891 and section 63 of the Post Office Act 1953. The Regulations replace similar provisions (in Regulation 3 of and Schedule 1 to the Savings Certificates Regulations 1933 (S.R. & O. 1933/1149)) which are being revoked by the Savings Certificates (Amendment) (No. 2) Regulations 1969 (S.I. 1969/1334).
Read the full note and every offence in this instrument
Other offences in the same instrument
How this was identified as an offence
Everything above rests on the judgement that this provision creates a criminal offence, rather than mentioning one. That judgement is made by rule, from the words of the provision, and this is the rule that made it — with a confidence of 0.92.
- Basis
- the provision says a person is “guilty of an offence”
- Confidence
- 0.92 of 1.00
A provision that states a penalty for an offence created elsewhere can read very like one that creates an offence, and the rules can mistake the one for the other. If the text quoted above sets a penalty for something made an offence by another provision, treat the classification on this page with that in mind, and read the instrument.
Check the source
- This provision on legislation.gov.uk The authoritative text. Check it before relying on anything here.
- The National Savings Stamps Regulations 1969 Every offence this instrument creates, and its explanatory note
- MiscellaneousOther offences on the same subject
- Offences created in 1969