Contravention of The Specified Crustaceans (Prohibition on Landing, Sale and Carriage) (Scotland) Order 2017
the instrument as a whole of The Specified Crustaceans (Prohibition on Landing, Sale and Carriage) (Scotland) Order 2017
- Status not determined
- Strict liability
- Set by another provision
- Health and safety, environment, waste and fisheries
This offence was read from the text as made, and no revised version was available, so a later revocation could not be ruled out. Check the current text at legislation.gov.uk.
What the provision says
Contravening this instrument is an offence under sections 1(7)-(8) and
11 of the Sea Fish (Conservation) Act 1967. The instrument itself contains no offence-creating words.
Text as made, from legislation.gov.uk. © Crown copyright, reused under the Open Government Licence v3.0. This is the text as originally made; later amendments are not shown here.
Who it binds, and what has to be proved
- Binds
- a person
- Conduct
- breaching the provision
- Fault element
- Strict liability
- Burden of proof
- Not determined
The prosecution must prove that the conduct happened. This is a strict liability offence as drafted: the provision uses no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence, so there is no need to show that a person meant to do it, knew about it, or was careless.
Intention, knowledge and carelessness are irrelevant to guilt. They may still matter a great deal to sentence.
Classifier’s reasoning: contravention offences of this kind are strict as to the breach; the fault position is governed by the parent Act and was not read from it.
What would breach the instrument as a whole?
These are illustrations, not law. They are generated from the provision’s own words to show the shape of the offence. Whether any particular conduct is caught depends on the full text, on any amendment since, and on the facts.
- Doing what the provision prohibits, or failing to do what it requires under the Specified Crustaceans (Prohibition on Landing, Sale and Carriage) (Scotland) Order 2017.
Penalty
- Mode of trial
- Set by another provision — the instrument states the penalty by reference to an Act or to another regulation
- Maximum fine
- Not determined
- Maximum prison (summary)
- Not determined
The instrument does not state a penalty itself. It sets one by reference to sections 1(7)-(8) and 11 of the Sea Fish (Conservation) Act 1967.
the penalty is in the parent Act, not in this instrument.
No penalty was determined from this instrument. It may be in the enabling Act, or in a general penalties provision this pass did not connect to the offence. Absence of a figure here is not evidence that the offence carries no penalty.
Sentencing
Offences of this kind are usually sentenced under the guidelines below. This is a mapping by subject, not a finding about this provision, and the links go to a search of the Sentencing Council’s own site.
-
Sentencing organisations: fines and the means of a corporate defendant
All courts in England and Wales
How a fine on a company is arrived at from its turnover. Relevant far beyond the guidelines that state it, because a very large share of the offences in this corpus can only be committed by an organisation.
-
Environmental offences: definitive guideline
Magistrates' courts and the Crown Court in England and Wales · in force from 1 July 2014
Covers unauthorised or harmful deposit, treatment or disposal of waste, illegal discharges to air, land and water, and the equivalent offences committed by organisations. It is the guideline that introduced turnover bands for corporate fines, so the size of the defendant company is a starting point rather than a mitigating detail.
-
Health and safety offences, corporate manslaughter and food safety and hygiene offences: definitive guideline
Magistrates' courts and the Crown Court in England and Wales · in force from 1 February 2016
Covers breaches of duty under the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 and the regulations made under it, and food safety and food hygiene offences. Sentencing turns on culpability and on the seriousness and likelihood of harm risked, not only on the harm that happened.
-
Reduction in sentence for a guilty plea: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 June 2017
The sliding scale of credit for pleading guilty, from one third at the first stage of proceedings downwards.
-
General guideline: overarching principles
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2019
The guideline a court uses when there is no offence-specific guideline, which is the position for the overwhelming majority of offences created by statutory instrument. It sets out how culpability and harm are assessed from first principles.
-
Totality: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales
How to sentence more than one offence at once so that the total is just and proportionate - frequently in point here, because regulatory prosecutions commonly charge several breaches of the same instrument.
Prosecution figures
No published per-offence figure was found for this provision, and it could not be matched to a Ministry of Justice offence code. Offences created by statutory instrument very largely do not have one. Absence of a figure is not evidence that the offence is unused.
Status and lifecycle
- Current status
- Status not determined
- Made
- 19 December 2017
- In force from
- 25 February 2018
- Extent
- Not stated
How this was established: read from the text as made; no revised version available, so later revocation could not be ruled out.
What the instrument is for
(This note is not part of the Order) — the explanatory note published with the instrument, © Crown copyright.
This Order makes provisions regarding fishing for, landing, sale, exposure or offer for sale and possession for the purposes of sale and carriage of specified crustaceans in Scotland and the Scottish zone. The Order revokes, replaces and remakes with amendments the provisions of the Undersized Lobsters (Scotland) Order 2000 (S.S.I. 2000/197), the Undersized Spider Crabs (Scotland) Order 2000 (S.S.I. 2000/198), the Undersized Edible Crabs (Scotland) Order 2000 (S.S.I. 2000/228), the Outer Hebrides (Landing of Crabs and Lobsters) Order 2015 (S.S.I. 2015/183) and the Orkney Islands (Landing of Crabs and Lobsters) Order 2016 (S.S.I. 2016/50). The Undersized Velvet Crabs Order 1989 (S.I. 1989/919) is revoked and replaced in relation to Scotland and the Scottish zone. Article 3(1) of the Order prescribes a minimum size for the landing of edible crab in Scotland. Article 3(2) provides that there is an exemption from this minimum landing size in relation to landings from foreign fishing boats. Article 3(3) provides for an additional exemption in relation to landings of edible crab in the Shetland Islands. The effect of this provision, as combined with section 1(1) of the Sea Fish (Conservation) Act 1967 (“the 1967 Act”), is to prohibit the landing in all of Scotland (except the Shetland Islands) of edible crab which do not meet the requirements as to minimum size. The minimum size for the landing of edible crab in the Shetlands Islands remains prescribed by Article 19(1) and Annex XII of Council Regulation (EC) No 850/98 (OJ No L 125, 27.4.1998, p.1) for the conservation of fishery resources through technical measures for the protection of juveniles of marine organisms (“the Council Regulation”). Article 4(1) of the Order prescribes a minimum size for the landing of velvet crab in Scotland. The effect of this provision, as combined with section 1(1) of the 1967 Act, is to prohibit the landing in Scotland of velvet crab which do not meet the requirements as to minimum size. Article 4(2) prescribes a minimum size for the sale, exposure or offer for sale or possession in Scotland. The effect of this provision, as combined with section 1(2) of the 1967 Act, is to prohibit the selling, exposure or offering for sale or possession of any velvet crab in Scotland which does not meet the requirements as to minimum size. Article 4(3) and (4) prohibits UK fishing boats other than Scottish fishing boats from carrying velvet crabs within the Scottish zone if they measure less than a prescribed minimum size. A similar prohibition applies to Scottish fishing boats, by virtue of article 4(3) and section 1(3B) of the 1967 Act. Article 4(5) prohibits the landing in Scotland of any berried velvet crab which is caught in the territorial sea (0 – 12 nautical mile limits) of the UK adjacent to Scotland. Article 4(6) and (7) provides for exemptions to these prohibitions in relation to landings from foreign fishing boats. Article 5(1) of the Order prescribes a minimum size for the landing of male spider crab in Scotland. Article 5(2) provides that there is an exemption from this minimum landing size in relation to landings from foreign fishing boats. The effect of this provision, as combined with section 1(1) of the 1967 Act, is to prohibit the landing in Scotland of any male spider crab which does not meet the requirements as to minimum size. Article 6(1) of the Order prescribes a minimum size for the landing of green crab in the Orkney Islands. Article 6(2) provides that there is an exemption from this minimum landing size in relation to landings from foreign fishing boats. The effect of this provision, as combined with section 1(1) of the 1967 Act, is to prohibit the landing in Scotland of any green crab which does not meet the requirements as to minimum size. Article 7(1), (2), (3) and (4) of the Order prescribes minimum sizes for the landing of lobster in different parts of Scotland. Article 7(5), (6) and (7) of the Order prescribes maximum sizes for the landing of female lobster in different parts of Scotland. The effect of these provisions, as combined with section 1(1) of the 1967 Act, is to prohibit the landing in Scotland of lobster which do not meet the relevant requirements as to minimum or maximum size. Article 7(8) prescribes a minimum size for the sale, exposure or offer for sale or possession in Scotland. The effect of this provision, as combined with section 1(2) of the 1967 Act, is to prohibit the selling, exposure or offering for sale or possession of any lobster in Scotland which does not meet the requirements as to minimum size. Article 7(9) and (10) prohibits UK fishing boats other than Scottish fishing boats from carrying lobster within the Scottish zone if they measure less than a prescribed minimum size. A similar prohibition applies to Scottish fishing boats, by virtue of article 7(9) and section 1(3B) of the 1967 Act. Article 7(11) prohibits the landing in Scotland of any female lobster with a missing or partly missing crusher or cutter claw which is caught in specified inshore waters around the Outer Hebrides. Schedule 6 specifies the geographical extent of these waters. Article 7(12) and (13) provide for exemptions to these prohibitions in relation to landings from foreign fishing boats. Schedules 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 include diagrams which demonstrate how an edible crab, a velvet crab, a spider crab, a green crab and a lobster, respectively, are to be measured to determine its size. Offences and penalties are prescribed in section 1(7) and (8), section 6(5) and section 11 of the 1967 Act. Common enforcement powers are set out in Part 3 of the Aquaculture and Fisheries (Scotland) Act 2013 (asp 7) and Part 7 of the Marine (Scotland) Act 2010 (asp 5). This Order is made in accordance with the procedure set out in Article 46 of the Council Regulation which authorises Member States to take certain national measures for the conservation and management of local stocks.
Read the full note and every offence in this instrument
How this was identified as an offence
Everything above rests on the judgement that this provision creates a criminal offence, rather than mentioning one. That judgement is made by rule, from the words of the provision, and this is the rule that made it — with a confidence of 0.70.
- Basis
- the penalty comes from the enabling Act rather than from this instrument
- Confidence
- 0.70 of 1.00
A provision that states a penalty for an offence created elsewhere can read very like one that creates an offence, and the rules can mistake the one for the other. If the text quoted above sets a penalty for something made an offence by another provision, treat the classification on this page with that in mind, and read the instrument.
Check the source
- This provision on legislation.gov.uk The authoritative text. Check it before relying on anything here.
- The Specified Crustaceans (Prohibition on Landing, Sale and Carriage) (Scotland) Order 2017 Every offence this instrument creates, and its explanatory note
- Health and safety, environment, waste and fisheriesOther offences on the same subject
- Offences created in 2017