Offences and penalties
regulation 16 of Equipment and Protective Systems Intended for Use in Potentially Explosive Atmospheres Regulations (Northern Ireland) 1996
- Status not determined
- Strict liability
- Summary only
- Health and safety, environment, waste and fisheries
This offence was read from the text as made, and no revised version was available, so a later revocation could not be ruled out. Check the current text at legislation.gov.uk.
What the provision says
16 Any person who contravenes regulation 6, 7 or 8 shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on summary conviction— a to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months; or b to a fine not exceeding level 5 on the standard scale, or to both.
Text as made, from legislation.gov.uk. © Crown copyright, reused under the Open Government Licence v3.0. This is the text as originally made; later amendments are not shown here.
Who it binds, and what has to be proved
- Binds
- a person
- Conduct
- contravening a requirement of the instrument
- Fault element
- Strict liability
- Burden of proof
- No statutory defence — prosecution proves everything
The prosecution must prove that the conduct happened. This is a strict liability offence as drafted: the provision uses no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence, so there is no need to show that a person meant to do it, knew about it, or was careless.
Intention, knowledge and carelessness are irrelevant to guilt. They may still matter a great deal to sentence.
The provision states no defence, so the prosecution bears the burden on every element of the offence.
Classifier’s reasoning: no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence in the offence or its provision.
What would breach regulation 16?
These are illustrations, not law. They are generated from the provision’s own words to show the shape of the offence. Whether any particular conduct is caught depends on the full text, on any amendment since, and on the facts.
- On these words an offence is committed where a person contravenes regulation 6, 7 or 8.
- Doing the thing the provision prohibits under the Equipment and Protective Systems Intended for Use in Potentially Explosive Atmospheres Regulations (Northern Ireland) 1996, whatever the reason for doing it.
- Where the requirement is a positive duty, letting the time for performing it pass without performing it.
Penalty
- Mode of trial
- Summary only — tried in a magistrates’ court
- Maximum fine
- £5,000
- Standard scale
- Level 5
- Maximum prison (summary)
- 3 months
in Northern Ireland a reference to a level is construed as referring to the standard scale as it currently stands (Fines and Penalties (NI) Order 1984 art.5(3)), not as it stood when the instrument was made.
Sentencing
Offences of this kind are usually sentenced under the guidelines below. This is a mapping by subject, not a finding about this provision, and the links go to a search of the Sentencing Council’s own site.
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Sentencing organisations: fines and the means of a corporate defendant
All courts in England and Wales
How a fine on a company is arrived at from its turnover. Relevant far beyond the guidelines that state it, because a very large share of the offences in this corpus can only be committed by an organisation.
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Environmental offences: definitive guideline
Magistrates' courts and the Crown Court in England and Wales · in force from 1 July 2014
Covers unauthorised or harmful deposit, treatment or disposal of waste, illegal discharges to air, land and water, and the equivalent offences committed by organisations. It is the guideline that introduced turnover bands for corporate fines, so the size of the defendant company is a starting point rather than a mitigating detail.
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Health and safety offences, corporate manslaughter and food safety and hygiene offences: definitive guideline
Magistrates' courts and the Crown Court in England and Wales · in force from 1 February 2016
Covers breaches of duty under the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 and the regulations made under it, and food safety and food hygiene offences. Sentencing turns on culpability and on the seriousness and likelihood of harm risked, not only on the harm that happened.
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Reduction in sentence for a guilty plea: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 June 2017
The sliding scale of credit for pleading guilty, from one third at the first stage of proceedings downwards.
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General guideline: overarching principles
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2019
The guideline a court uses when there is no offence-specific guideline, which is the position for the overwhelming majority of offences created by statutory instrument. It sets out how culpability and harm are assessed from first principles.
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Totality: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales
How to sentence more than one offence at once so that the total is just and proportionate - frequently in point here, because regulatory prosecutions commonly charge several breaches of the same instrument.
Prosecution figures
No published per-offence figure was found for this provision, and it could not be matched to a Ministry of Justice offence code. Offences created by statutory instrument very largely do not have one. Absence of a figure is not evidence that the offence is unused.
Status and lifecycle
- Current status
- Status not determined
- Made
- 24 June 1996
- In force from
- 29 July 1996
- Extent
- Not stated
How this was established: read from the text as made; no revised version available, so later revocation could not be ruled out.
What the instrument is for
(This note is not part of the Regulations.) — the explanatory note published with the instrument, © Crown copyright.
These Regulations implement as respects Northern Ireland the European Parliament and the Council Directive No. 94/9/EC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States concerning equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres (the ATEX Directive). Subject to certain limited exceptions, references in the Regulations to the Community or a Member State include respectively a reference to the EEA or an EEA State, which are defined in regulation 2(1)(b). Part I provides for the revocation of certain Regulations as from 1st July 2003 and includes some general definitions. Part II provides for the application of the Regulations. They apply to equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres, devices and components (relevant definitions are contained in regulation 3), other than those excluded by regulation 4 or 5. The Regulations do not apply to the equipment, protective systems or devices specified in Schedule 4 or components for them (regulation 4). Regulation 5 sets out transitional arrangements whereby the Regulations do not apply to equipment or a protective system placed on the market in the Community or the European Economic Area on or before 30th June 2003 which complies with the health and safety provisions in respect of it which were in operation in Northern Ireland on 23rd March 1994. Part III sets out the general requirements of the Regulations. Regulation 6 imposes a duty on a “responsible person” (as defined in regulation 2(2)) who places on the market equipment, a protective system or device to ensure that it satisfies the relevant essential health and safety requirements and that the appropriate conformity assessment procedure has been carried out. In addition, the CE marking must be affixed to it by the manufacturer or his authorised representative established in the Community or the EEA in accordance with Schedule 1. Schedule 1 also includes provisions relating to inscriptions other than the CE marking. The relevant product must also be safe. Any person, other than the responsible person, who supplies equipment, a protective system or device must ensure that it is safe (regulation 7) although the regulation does not apply to such a product if it has been placed on the Community or EEA market before 29th July 1996 or has previously been put into service in the Community or the EEA. Regulation 8 requires a responsible person who places a component on the market to ensure that the appropriate conformity assessment procedure has been carried out and that it is accompanied by a certificate, issued by the manufacturer or his authorised representative established in the Community or the EEA, which incorporates the specified declaration and statement. For the purposes of regulations 6 and 8, a product is not to be regarded as being placed on the market where it is for export outside the Community or the EEA or is exhibited at a trade fair or exhibition (regulation 9). The essential health and safety requirements (Annex II to the ATEX Directive) are set out in Schedule 2. Regulation 2 defines “relevant essential health and safety requirements”. The conformity assessment procedures are set out in various “Modules” in Annexes III to IX to the ATEX Directive (which are set out in Schedules 5 to 11). The appropriate conformity assessment procedure is determined in accordance with regulation 10, on the basis of the equipment-group (as defined in regulation 2(2)) and the equipment-category (as determined by the criteria in Schedule 3) of the product. Regulation 12 provides for the appointment of notified bodies in Northern Ireland and specifies their functions. Regulation 13 provides for these bodies to charge fees. Regulation 14 sets out the conditions for relevant products being taken to comply with the provisions of the ATEX Directive. Part IV and Schedule 13 make provision for the enforcement of the Regulations by the Department of Economic Development. Regulation 16 provides for the offences and penalties for breach of the Regulations. There are also provisions relating to the defence of due diligence (regulation 17) and liability of persons other than the principal offender (regulation 18). Certain amendments of existing Regulations are made by regulations 19 and 20. Regulation 19 amends the Electricity at Work Regulations (Northern Ireland) 1991 in order to incorporate references to Commission Directives No. 91/269/EEC and No. 94/44/EC which adapted to technical progress Council Directive No. 82/130/EEC concerning electrical equipment for use in potentially explosive atmospheres in mines susceptible to firedamp. Regulation 20 makes a consequential amendment to the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations (Northern Ireland) 1993 (“the 1993 Regulations”) and provides that these Regulations are to take effect for the purposes of the enforcement of regulation 10 of the 1993 Regulations as if that amendment had been made by means of Regulations made under Article 17 of the Health and Safety at Work (Northern Ireland) Order 1978. Schedule 12 specifies the content of the EC declaration of conformity.
Read the full note and every offence in this instrument
How this was identified as an offence
Everything above rests on the judgement that this provision creates a criminal offence, rather than mentioning one. That judgement is made by rule, from the words of the provision, and this is the rule that made it — with a confidence of 0.92.
- Basis
- the provision says a person is “guilty of an offence”; the provision states liability on summary conviction
- Confidence
- 0.92 of 1.00
A provision that states a penalty for an offence created elsewhere can read very like one that creates an offence, and the rules can mistake the one for the other. If the text quoted above sets a penalty for something made an offence by another provision, treat the classification on this page with that in mind, and read the instrument.
Check the source
- This provision on legislation.gov.uk The authoritative text. Check it before relying on anything here.
- Equipment and Protective Systems Intended for Use in Potentially Explosive Atmospheres Regulations (Northern Ireland) 1996 Every offence this instrument creates, and its explanatory note
- Health and safety, environment, waste and fisheriesOther offences on the same subject
- Offences created in 1996