Regulations for preserving water quality
article 3B(2)(e) of The Water and Sewerage Services (Amendment) (Northern Ireland) Order 1993 (REPEALED)
- Status not determined
- Strict liability
- Either way
- Health and safety, environment, waste and fisheries
This offence was read from the text as made, and no revised version was available, so a later revocation could not be ruled out. Check the current text at legislation.gov.uk.
What the provision says
e without prejudice to Article 57(2), provide that persons contravening the regulations shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable— i on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding the statutory maximum; and ii on conviction on indictment, to a fine;
Text as made, from legislation.gov.uk. © Crown copyright, reused under the Open Government Licence v3.0. This is the text as originally made; later amendments are not shown here.
Who it binds, and what has to be proved
- Binds
- a person
- Conduct
- breaching the provision
- Fault element
- Strict liability
- Burden of proof
- No statutory defence — prosecution proves everything
The prosecution must prove that the conduct happened. This is a strict liability offence as drafted: the provision uses no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence, so there is no need to show that a person meant to do it, knew about it, or was careless.
Intention, knowledge and carelessness are irrelevant to guilt. They may still matter a great deal to sentence.
The provision states no defence, so the prosecution bears the burden on every element of the offence.
Classifier’s reasoning: no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence in the offence or its provision.
What would breach article 3B(2)(e)?
These are illustrations, not law. They are generated from the provision’s own words to show the shape of the offence. Whether any particular conduct is caught depends on the full text, on any amendment since, and on the facts.
- Doing what the provision prohibits, or failing to do what it requires under the Water and Sewerage Services (Amendment) (Northern Ireland) Order 1993.
Penalty
- Mode of trial
- Either way — magistrates’ court or Crown Court
- Maximum fine
- £2,000
- Maximum prison (summary)
- Not determined
expressed as the statutory maximum (the prescribed sum): the same words mean £5,000 in England and Wales and £10,000 in Scotland.
Sentencing
Offences of this kind are usually sentenced under the guidelines below. This is a mapping by subject, not a finding about this provision, and the links go to a search of the Sentencing Council’s own site.
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Sentencing organisations: fines and the means of a corporate defendant
All courts in England and Wales
How a fine on a company is arrived at from its turnover. Relevant far beyond the guidelines that state it, because a very large share of the offences in this corpus can only be committed by an organisation.
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Environmental offences: definitive guideline
Magistrates' courts and the Crown Court in England and Wales · in force from 1 July 2014
Covers unauthorised or harmful deposit, treatment or disposal of waste, illegal discharges to air, land and water, and the equivalent offences committed by organisations. It is the guideline that introduced turnover bands for corporate fines, so the size of the defendant company is a starting point rather than a mitigating detail.
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Health and safety offences, corporate manslaughter and food safety and hygiene offences: definitive guideline
Magistrates' courts and the Crown Court in England and Wales · in force from 1 February 2016
Covers breaches of duty under the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 and the regulations made under it, and food safety and food hygiene offences. Sentencing turns on culpability and on the seriousness and likelihood of harm risked, not only on the harm that happened.
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Imposition of community and custodial sentences: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales
When a community order or custody is justified at all, and the presumption against short custodial sentences.
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Reduction in sentence for a guilty plea: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 June 2017
The sliding scale of credit for pleading guilty, from one third at the first stage of proceedings downwards.
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General guideline: overarching principles
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2019
The guideline a court uses when there is no offence-specific guideline, which is the position for the overwhelming majority of offences created by statutory instrument. It sets out how culpability and harm are assessed from first principles.
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Totality: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales
How to sentence more than one offence at once so that the total is just and proportionate - frequently in point here, because regulatory prosecutions commonly charge several breaches of the same instrument.
Prosecution figures
No published per-offence figure was found for this provision, and it could not be matched to a Ministry of Justice offence code. Offences created by statutory instrument very largely do not have one. Absence of a figure is not evidence that the offence is unused.
Status and lifecycle
- Current status
- Status not determined
- Made
- 16 December 1993
- In force from
- 17 February 1994
- Extent
- Not stated
How this was established: read from the text as made; no revised version available, so later revocation could not be ruled out.
What the instrument is for
(This note is not part of the Order) — the explanatory note published with the instrument, © Crown copyright.
This Order confers new powers on the Department of the Environment with respect to the quality of water, introduces an offence of contaminating, wasting or misusing water, empowers that Department to make provision to regulate against such contamination, waste and misuse and to give effect to any international obligations, and makes miscellaneous amendments to the law relating to water and sewerage services. The principal amendments are to the Water and Sewerage Services (Northern Ireland) Order 1973 and to other statutory provisions and concern— a the exclusion of a right of appeal in respect to costs or charges (Article 5); b the appointment of assessors to assist members of the Water Appeals Commission (Article 6); c a re-statement of the procedure for applications for water or sewerage services (Article 7); d an extension of the time within which summary proceedings for offences may be commenced (Article 12); e the registration of certain agreements, notices or other matters in the Statutory Charges Register (Article 15); f the prevention of pollution (Article 16); g the increase in the penalty for polluting water (Article 17).
Read the full note and every offence in this instrument
Other offences in the same instrument
- Applications for water or sewerage servicesarticle 17(6)
- Information relating to new discharges of trade effluentsarticle 26A(2)
- Supplementary provisionsarticle 3F(2)
- If any person who is the owner or occupier of any premises to which a supply of water is provided by the…article 40A(1)
- Any person who uses any water supplied to any premises by the Department for a purpose other than one for…article 40A(2)
- Informationarticle 8(2)
- Informationarticle 8(2)(b)
- Contamination, waste and misuse of waterarticle 9(1)
How this was identified as an offence
Everything above rests on the judgement that this provision creates a criminal offence, rather than mentioning one. That judgement is made by rule, from the words of the provision, and this is the rule that made it — with a confidence of 0.92.
- Basis
- the provision says a person is “guilty of an offence”
- Confidence
- 0.92 of 1.00
A provision that states a penalty for an offence created elsewhere can read very like one that creates an offence, and the rules can mistake the one for the other. If the text quoted above sets a penalty for something made an offence by another provision, treat the classification on this page with that in mind, and read the instrument.
Check the source
- This provision on legislation.gov.uk The authoritative text. Check it before relying on anything here.
- The Water and Sewerage Services (Amendment) (Northern Ireland) Order 1993 (REPEALED) Every offence this instrument creates, and its explanatory note
- Health and safety, environment, waste and fisheriesOther offences on the same subject
- Offences created in 1993