Duty to deliver annual returns
article 371(3) of The Companies (No. 2) (Northern Ireland) Order 1990
- Status not determined
- Strict liability
- Corporate, financial services, company law, employment, charity, electoral and tax
This offence was read from the text as made, and no revised version was available, so a later revocation could not be ruled out. Check the current text at legislation.gov.uk.
What the provision says
3 If a company fails to deliver an annual return in accordance with this Chapter before the end of the period of 28 days after a return date, the company is guilty of an offence and liable to a fine and, in the case of continued contravention, to a daily default fine.
Text as made, from legislation.gov.uk. © Crown copyright, reused under the Open Government Licence v3.0. This is the text as originally made; later amendments are not shown here.
Who it binds, and what has to be proved
- Binds
- a company
- Conduct
- failing to do something the instrument requires
- Fault element
- Strict liability
- Burden of proof
- No statutory defence — prosecution proves everything
The prosecution must prove that the conduct happened. This is a strict liability offence as drafted: the provision uses no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence, so there is no need to show that a company meant to do it, knew about it, or was careless.
Intention, knowledge and carelessness are irrelevant to guilt. They may still matter a great deal to sentence.
The provision states no defence, so the prosecution bears the burden on every element of the offence.
Classifier’s reasoning: no word of intention, knowledge, recklessness or negligence in the offence or its provision.
What would breach article 371(3)?
These are illustrations, not law. They are generated from the provision’s own words to show the shape of the offence. Whether any particular conduct is caught depends on the full text, on any amendment since, and on the facts.
- Not doing what the provision requires under the Companies (No. 2) (Northern Ireland) Order 1990, by the time it requires it to be done.
- Doing it, but not in the manner or to the standard the instrument specifies.
Penalty
- Mode of trial
- Not determined
- Maximum fine
- £5,000
- Maximum prison (summary)
- Not determined
expressed as the statutory maximum (the prescribed sum): the same words mean £5,000 in England and Wales and £10,000 in Scotland.
Sentencing
Offences of this kind are usually sentenced under the guidelines below. This is a mapping by subject, not a finding about this provision, and the links go to a search of the Sentencing Council’s own site.
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Sentencing organisations: fines and the means of a corporate defendant
All courts in England and Wales
How a fine on a company is arrived at from its turnover. Relevant far beyond the guidelines that state it, because a very large share of the offences in this corpus can only be committed by an organisation.
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Fraud, bribery and money laundering offences: definitive guideline
Magistrates' courts and the Crown Court in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2014
Covers fraud, false accounting, bribery and money laundering, including offences committed by organisations.
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Reduction in sentence for a guilty plea: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 June 2017
The sliding scale of credit for pleading guilty, from one third at the first stage of proceedings downwards.
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General guideline: overarching principles
All courts in England and Wales · in force from 1 October 2019
The guideline a court uses when there is no offence-specific guideline, which is the position for the overwhelming majority of offences created by statutory instrument. It sets out how culpability and harm are assessed from first principles.
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Totality: definitive guideline
All courts in England and Wales
How to sentence more than one offence at once so that the total is just and proportionate - frequently in point here, because regulatory prosecutions commonly charge several breaches of the same instrument.
Prosecution figures
No published per-offence figure was found for this provision, and it could not be matched to a Ministry of Justice offence code. Offences created by statutory instrument very largely do not have one. Absence of a figure is not evidence that the offence is unused.
Status and lifecycle
- Current status
- Status not determined
- Made
- 24 July 1990
- In force from
- Not determined
- Extent
- Not stated
How this was established: read from the text as made; no revised version available, so later revocation could not be ruled out.
What the instrument is for
(This note is not part of the Order) — the explanatory note published with the instrument, © Crown copyright.
This Order is made for purposes corresponding to the purposes of Parts III to V and VII (except sections 156, 157, 169 and Schedule 21) of the Companies Act 1989 (c. 40). Part II of the Order amends the Companies (Northern Ireland) Order 1986 with respect to investigations and powers to obtain information. Part III makes new provision with respect to the registration of company charges. Part IV contains miscellaneous amendments to company law and Part V makes provision for safeguarding the operation of certain financial markets.
Read the full note and every offence in this instrument
Other offences in the same instrument
- Appointment by Department in default of appointment by companyarticle 395(2)
- Rights to informationarticle 397A(2)
- Rights to informationarticle 397A(3)
- Rights to informationarticle 397A(4)
- Removal of auditorsarticle 399(2)
- Resignation of auditorsarticle 400(3)
- Rights of resigning auditorsarticle 400A(5)
- If a person ceasing to hold office as auditor fails to comply with Article 401A he is guilty of an offence…article 401B(1)
- If a company makes default in complying with Article 401A, the company and every officer of it who is in…article 401B(4)
- Entry and search of premisesarticle 441(7)
- Statement by person ceasing to hold office as auditorarticle 58(1)
How this was identified as an offence
Everything above rests on the judgement that this provision creates a criminal offence, rather than mentioning one. That judgement is made by rule, from the words of the provision, and this is the rule that made it — with a confidence of 0.92.
- Basis
- the provision says a person is “guilty of an offence”
- Confidence
- 0.92 of 1.00
A provision that states a penalty for an offence created elsewhere can read very like one that creates an offence, and the rules can mistake the one for the other. If the text quoted above sets a penalty for something made an offence by another provision, treat the classification on this page with that in mind, and read the instrument.
Check the source
- This provision on legislation.gov.uk The authoritative text. Check it before relying on anything here.
- The Companies (No. 2) (Northern Ireland) Order 1990 Every offence this instrument creates, and its explanatory note
- Corporate, financial services, company law, employment, charity, electoral and taxOther offences on the same subject
- Offences created in 1990